20 Questions
What is the part of the neuron containing the nucleus and the cytoplasm called?
Perikaryon
Which type of nerve cell has one short process that soon divides into two processes; central and peripheral?
Pseudounipolar nerve cell
What proteins are responsible for transporting neurotransmitter synthesized in the cell body to the axon terminals?
Dynein
Which type of nerve cell has multiple dendrites and one axon?
Multipolar nerve cell
What is a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease related to disintegration of microtubules?
Tau protein
What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous tissue?
Neuron
Which part of the nervous tissue is anatomically divided into the brain and spinal cord?
CNS
What is formed histologically by nerve cells and glial cells?
Neuroglia
Which cell structure is described as the cell body 'perikaryon or soma' and cell processes including axon and dendrites?
Neuron
What is anatomically divided into nerves (cranial & spinal) and their associated ganglia?
PNS
Which protein might be a target for mutation causing motor neuron diseases related to transporting neurotransmitters from the cell body to the axon terminals?
Dynein
Which type of nerve cell is characterized by having one process that soon divides into two processes; central and peripheral?
Pseudounipolar nerve cell
What is the part of the neuron containing the nucleus and cytoplasm known as?
Perikaryon
Which feature is a prominent indication of Alzheimer's disease related to microtubule disintegration?
Neurofibrillary tangles
Which component is responsible for well-developed microtubules and intermediate filaments in the cell body?
Cytoskeleton
What is the anatomical division of the nervous tissue that includes the brain and spinal cord?
Central nervous system (CNS)
Which cell structure is considered the structural and functional unit of the nervous tissue?
Neuron
What is the prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease related to the disintegration of microtubules?
Formation of neurofibrillary tangles
What is histologically formed by nerve cells and glial cells in the nervous tissue?
Nervous tissue
Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and cytoplasm, and is also known as perikaryon or soma?
Cell body
Study Notes
Neuron Structure
- The cell body of a neuron, also known as perikaryon or soma, contains the nucleus and cytoplasm.
- The cell structure, including the cell body and cell processes (axon and dendrites), is considered the structural and functional unit of the nervous tissue.
Types of Nerve Cells
- Unipolar nerve cells have one short process that soon divides into two processes, central and peripheral.
- Multipolar nerve cells have multiple dendrites and one axon.
Neurotransmitter Transport
- Kinesin and dynein proteins are responsible for transporting neurotransmitters synthesized in the cell body to the axon terminals.
- Mutation in kinesin might be a target for motor neuron diseases related to transporting neurotransmitters.
Nervous Tissue
- The nervous tissue is anatomically divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves and their associated ganglia).
- The nervous tissue is histologically formed by nerve cells and glial cells.
Alzheimer's Disease
- A prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease is the disintegration of microtubules, which is related to the breakdown of the cytoskeleton.
- Well-developed microtubules and intermediate filaments in the cell body are responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of neurons.
Learn about the classification, structure, and function of nerve cells in this histology lecture. Understand the morphological and functional aspects of nerve cells.
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