Histology: Circulatory System Lecture 1

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What is the innermost layer of the heart wall?

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium (correct)
Sub Endocardial Layer

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle with fibers arranged spirally around each heart chamber?

Epicardium
Myocardium (correct)
Endocardium
Sub Endocardial Layer

What is the function of the loose connective tissue in the myocardium?

It holds bundles of cardiac muscle cells and fibers together (correct)
It provides support to the heart valves
It supplies blood to the heart muscle
It separates the myocardium from the epicardium

Which layer of the heart wall is supported by a layer of loose connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerves?

Epicardium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the middle layer of the endocardium composed of?

Mix of connective tissue and muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium forms the innermost portion of the endocardium?

Simple squamous epithelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endothelium in relation to blood clotting?

It presents a non-thrombogenic surface and secretes agents to control local clot formation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of vascular endothelial cells?

Squamous, polygonal (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of interleukins secreted by endothelial cells?

They affect the activity of local white blood cells during inflammation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of smooth muscle fibers in the walls of larger vessels?

Helical (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by endothelial cells?

It is involved in vascular growth and development (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endothelium in relation to metabolite exchanges?

It facilitates metabolite exchanges between blood and tissues (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the continuous, or somatic, capillaries?

Absence of fenestrae in their wall (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillaries is characterized by the presence of circular openings in the endothelium membrane?

Fenestrated, or visceral, capillaries (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the discontinuous or sinusoidal capillaries?

Discontinuous layer of endothelial cells and discontinuous basal lamina (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where are the fenestrated, or visceral, capillaries typically found?

Organs with rapid interchange of substances between tissues and the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the continuous, or somatic, capillaries in terms of the endothelial cells?

Continuous layer of endothelial cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillaries is characterized by the presence of wide spaces between endothelial cells?

Discontinuous or sinusoidal capillaries (C) Signup and view all the answers