Histology and Embryology Course
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Questions and Answers

Who is the professor of the course?

  • Hanyang Hu
  • Lin Wang (correct)
  • Rong Liu
  • Yanwu Wang

    • When is the lecture of the course?

  • Tuesday, 9:50 – 12:15 AM (correct)
  • Thursday, 9:50 – 12:15 AM
  • Friday, 9:50 – 12:15 AM
  • Monday, 9:50 – 12:15 AM

    • What is the topic of the 5th lecture?

  • Nervous tissue (correct)
  • Circulatory System
  • Endocrine system
  • Immune system

    • What is the topic of Lab 3?

    <p>Blood and cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of the course?

    <p>To identify and name the four primary tissues of the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many primary tissues of the human body will you learn in this course?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the course formative grading criteria?

    <p>Completion of drawing assignments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the last lab of the course?

    <p>May 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest structural and functional unit in the human body?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Embryology?

    <p>Study of normal development and birth defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four types of fundamental tissues?

    <p>Epithelium, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue, Nervous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to learn histology?

    <p>To recognize normal tissue and cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fixation in paraffin section preparation?

    <p>To preserve the structural organization of the tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of studying histology?

    <p>To complete the knowledge of human body's structures from gross to microscopic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of frozen section preparation?

    <p>It is the fastest method of examining a tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of histology in clinic sciences?

    <p>It is a foundation of clinic sciences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of staining in histology?

    <p>To make tissue sections pigment for observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the investigative methods of histology?

    <p>Light microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of histology?

    <p>Study of normal micro-structure and its related function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hematoxylin?

    <p>A basic dye that stains tissue purple-blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is metachromasia?

    <p>A phenomenon where a dye stains tissue a different color from the dye solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope uses a beam of electrons instead of visible light?

    <p>Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dehydration in paraffin section preparation?

    <p>To replace the water in the tissue by alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commonest method used in histology for tissue preparation?

    <p>Paraffin section preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the preparation of sections for LM and EM?

    <p>Thickness of the sections, 50-70nm for EM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resolution of the Electron Microscope (EM)?

    <p>0.2nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry?

    <p>To reveal the chemical composition in situ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of a chemical reaction in Histochemistry and Cytochemistry?

    <p>Insoluble or colored or electron-scattering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of PAS reaction in Histochemistry and Cytochemistry?

    <p>To manifest polysaccharide and proteoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Cell and Tissue Culture?

    <p>To study the effect of regents on living cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resolution of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

    <p>5nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of Immunocytochemistry?

    <p>Antigen binds to specific antibody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Instructor: Lin Wang (汪琳)
    • Lectures: Tuesday, 9:50 – 12:15 AM, Room 4-121
    • Labs: Friday, 9:50 -11:25 AM, Room 4-121

    Course Objectives

    • Identify and name the four primary tissues of the human body
    • Explain how the form and function of these tissues are related
    • Identify and name the basic tissue constituents of the major organs of the human being
    • Explain how the form and function of these organs are related

    Definition of Histology

    • A science that studies the normal micro-structure and its related function in the human body
    • Gross anatomy vs. micro-anatomy

    Research Content

    • 4 structural levels: cell, tissue, organ, system
    • 4 types of fundamental tissue: epithelium, connective tissue, muscular tissue, nervous tissue

    Importance of Histology

    • Recognize normal tissue and cells
    • Acquire basic skills for future medical careers
    • Complete knowledge of human body structures from gross to microscopic
    • Understand how different tissues function
    • Find diseases by knowing normal tissue structures

    Investigative Methods of Histology

    I. Light Microscope

    • Tissue preparation:
      • Paraffin section preparation (most common method)
      • Frozen section (fastest method)
      • Smear preparations (for blood)
      • Grind preparations (for bone)
    • Staining:
      • H-E Staining (most common staining procedure)
      • Purpose: to make tissue section pigment for observation
      • Hematoxylin: basic dye, purple-blue
      • Eosin: acid dye, pink color
      • Basophilic: components bonded by basic dye (H)
      • Acidophilic: components bonded by acidic dye (E)
      • Neutrophilic: does not stain with both basic and acid dyes

    II. Electron Microscopy

    • Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
      • Section preparation: similar to LM, but with plastic (Epon or Araldite) and ultrathin sections (50-70nm)
      • Heavy metal salts (lead citrate or uranyl acetate) instead of HE
      • Resolution: 0.2nm
    • Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
      • Shows 3D surface architecture of cells and tissues
      • Resolution: 5nm

    III. Histochemistry & Cytochemistry

    • Reveals chemical composition in situ with chemical, biochemical methods
    • Fixation: preserves both structure and chemical composition of cells and tissues
    • Specific chemical-identifying reaction carried out
    • Example: PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) reaction for manifesting polysaccharide and proteoglycan

    IV. Cell / Tissue Culture

    • Technique for studying living cells
    • Isolated cells or fragments of tissues cultured in sterilized culture medium at appropriate temperature
    • Useful for detecting the effect of various regents on living cells

    V. Immunocytochemistry

    • Based on antigen binds to specific antibody

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    Description

    This course covers the introduction to histology and embryology, including topics such as epithelium tissue, connective tissue proper, and more. It includes lectures, labs, and formative grading.

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