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What is the primary function of saliva in the oral cavity?
What is the average daily production of saliva?
What is the primary function of the striated ducts in the submandibular gland?
What type of solution is saliva?
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What is the function of salivary amylase in saliva?
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What is the region of the pancreas with the highest concentration of endocrine tissue?
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What is the function of the intercalated ducts in the submandibular gland?
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What type of cells are found in the islet of Langerhans?
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What type of tissue composes the capsule of the pancreas?
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What is the primary function of the septa in the pancreas?
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What type of gland is the exocrine pancreas classified as?
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What type of cells are found in the center of the acini?
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What is the shape of acinar cells?
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Where are the secretory granules located in the acinar cell?
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What structure is associated with the secretory granules in the acinar cell?
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What is the function of the intercalated duct in the pancreas?
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What is the classification of the sublingual gland?
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Where are the extrinsic glands of the digestive system located?
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What is the shape of the mucous cells in the acini?
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What is the function of the serous demilunes?
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What is the function of the extrinsic glands?
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What type of gland is the parotid gland?
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What is the characteristic of the striated ducts?
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What is the capsule of the parotid gland formed by?
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What is the main component of the sublingual gland?
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What is the function of the trabeculae in the parotid gland?
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What is the location of the serous demilunes?
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What is the appearance of the mucous cells under a light microscope?
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What type of cells are the acinar cells in the parotid gland?
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What is the shape of the myoepithelial cells in the parotid gland?
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What is the location of the organelles in the mucous cells?
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Which duct is the largest in the parotid gland?
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Where are alpha cells preferentially positioned in the islet?
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What is the characteristic of beta cell granules?
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What hormone does delta1 cells produce?
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What is the function of glucagon?
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What is the function of somatostatin?
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What hormone is produced by G cells?
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Study Notes
Submandibular Gland
- Composed mostly of serous acini, but also has groups of mucous acini with serous demilunes
- Contains both pure serous and mixed secretory units
- Intercalated ducts are short, while striated ducts are long and clearly evident
Saliva
- Average daily production is 1.0 to 1.2 liters
- Functions:
- Protects the oral cavity through lubrication, control of bacterial flora, and cleansing action
- Assists in taste sensation
- Initiates digestion of carbohydrates via salivary amylase
- Primary secretion resembles extracellular fluid
- Final secretion:
- Intercalated ducts deliver bicarbonate ions into the saliva
- Striated ducts remove sodium and chloride ions from the luminal fluid and actively pump potassium ions into it
- Saliva is a hypotonic solution
Pancreas
- Retroperitoneal gland that produces both exocrine and endocrine secretions
- Subdivided into the following regions: head, uncinate process, neck, body, and tail
- Tail contains the highest concentration of endocrine tissue (islets of Langerhans)
Exocrine Pancreas
- Classification: purely serous, compound tubuloalveolar gland
- Acini:
- Only serous, with centers containing centroacinar cells
- Centroacinar cells form the beginning of the duct system in the pancreas
- Intercellular canaliculi lead from between acinar cells to the lumen of the acinus
- Acinar cells:
- Pyramidal in shape with a round nucleus that is basally located
- Basal region is strongly basophilic
- Apical region is densely packed with secretory granules (zymogen granules)
Digestive Glands
- Extrinsic glands of the digestive system:
- Salivary glands (parotid, sublingual, and submandibular)
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Provide enzymes, buffers, emulsifiers, and lubricants for the digestive tract, as well as hormones, proteins, globulins, and numerous additional products for the remainder of the body
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of digestive glands, including their location, function, and secretions. Learn about the salivary glands, pancreas, and other extrinsic glands of the digestive system.