HIST 1301 Exam 1 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

In which part of the mainland colonies did the Scots-Irish and Germans tend to settle?

  • In fishing villages
  • In the coastal 'Tidewater' region
  • In the cities
  • In the 'backcountry' (correct)

    • Who saved the Plymouth colonists from starvation by showing them how to grow food?

  • Portuguese fishermen
  • English-speaking Indians (correct)
  • Dutch fur traders
  • John Smith

    • In the Spanish and Portuguese competition to reach Asia, the Spanish 'won.'

    False

    What significant event occurred in Virginia in 1619?

    <p>Both B and C above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    George Washington led colonial troops in the first battles of the French and Indian War.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The large Native American mound city located in Illinois, near present-day St. Louis, Missouri was called:

    <p>Cahokia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The French and Indian War (or Seven Years' War) began as a dispute over:

    <p>Conflicting land claims in the Ohio River Valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these statements about religion in Colonial America is NOT true?

    <p>Complete religious liberty was enjoyed in all the colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Europeans were the first to 'discover' America?

    <p>The Norse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What made Benjamin Franklin famous before the Revolution?

    <p>All the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Europeans first settled what is now Eastern Canada and the interior of the present-day United States?

    <p>The French</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most of the indentured servants who immigrated to the Chesapeake colonies were:

    <p>Unemployed, single young men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What circumstances or conditions made it easier for Europeans to conquer the Indians (Native Americans) they first encountered?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the French and Indian War?

    <p>The French were removed as a power in North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Massachusetts Bay resident Roger Williams sentenced to banishment by the Puritan Elders?

    <p>All the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 1688 Spain's King Philip II conquered England and reinstituted the Roman Catholic faith.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To which part of the Americas were most of the estimated 11 million African slaves taken?

    <p>The West Indies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which one of these English colonies in America was there complete religious liberty for everyone, even non-Christians?

    <p>Rhode Island</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sort of people came to America as a result of the 1718 Transportation Act?

    <p>English convicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what reason did the English establish the Jamestown colony in 1607?

    <p>As a business enterprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Colonial era, thousands of English convicts were sentenced to involuntary indentured servitude in America.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Marco Polo inadvertently affect the course of world history?

    <p>He wrote a popular book describing the riches of the Far East</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lord Baltimore founded Maryland as a religious haven for:

    <p>Roman Catholics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From what part of Africa did most of the slaves who were taken to the Americas originate?

    <p>West Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Virginia's prosperity was assured by:

    <p>The cultivation of West Indian tobacco</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Columbus think the 'Indians' he met could be easily converted to Christianity?

    <p>He thought the Indians had no religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The voyage of which explorer established Dutch claims to land in the 'New World.'

    <p>Henry Hudson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led a rebellion against the colonial government of Virginia in 1676?

    <p>Nathaniel Bacon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'Navigation Acts' passed by England's Parliament supported an economic system known as:

    <p>Mercantilism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whose 1497 voyage established England's 'New World' land claim?

    <p>John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Puritans established which English colony?

    <p>Massachusetts Bay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    England's colonization of America was carried out according to a carefully devised plan formulated by the English government.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of Pre-Columbian Native Americans constructed substantial stone dwellings at Mesa Verde in Colorado and Chaco Canyon in New Mexico?

    <p>Anasazi or Ancestral Pueblo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Christopher Columbus hope to prove?

    <p>That Asia could be reached by sailing west from Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first realized that the Americas were a Novo Mundus or 'New World'?

    <p>Amerigo Vespucci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas do?

    <p>It divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was king (or queen) when the English began their first efforts to colonize North America?

    <p>Elizabeth I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the English Civil War of the 1640s?

    <p>All the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pennsylvania was originally founded as a religious haven for:

    <p>Quakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?

    <p>To establish a civil government for the Plymouth colonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the 'Columbian Exchange'?

    <p>The transatlantic transfer of culture, diseases, plants, and animals that occurred after the European discovery of the Americas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Dutch surrendered New Netherland to the English without firing a shot.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards were two of the chief instigators of a Colonial phenomenon called:

    <p>The Great Awakening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Witchcraft hysteria resulting in the execution of several innocent people occurred in:

    <p>Salem, Massachusetts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Columbus' discovery of America was due largely to his miscalculation regarding the size of the Earth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Beringia?

    <p>A prehistoric land bridge connecting Asia and North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the invention of the printing press important?

    <p>It led to the publication of books that inspired explorers to seek a sea route to Asia, who in the process discovered America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is no evidence that human beings lived in the Americas until the Ice Age.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    England's very first attempt to colonize North America was at a place called:

    <p>Roanoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the 'Glorious Revolution'?

    <p>All the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Colonial Settlements and Interactions

    • Scots-Irish and Germans predominantly settled in the "backcountry" of the mainland colonies.
    • Plymouth colonists learned essential farming techniques from English-speaking Indians to avoid starvation.
    • The first Africans arrived in Virginia in 1619; this year also marked the inaugural meeting of the House of Burgesses.

    Wars and Conflicts

    • George Washington initially led colonial troops in engagements during the French and Indian War.
    • The French and Indian War stemmed from territorial disputes, notably conflicting land claims in the Ohio River Valley.
    • The French were ultimately removed as a power in North America following this war.

    Religious Landscape

    • Complete religious liberty was not enjoyed in all colonies; many sought to impose their beliefs on others despite escaping persecution themselves.
    • Roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts Bay for advocating fair treatment of Native Americans and complete religious liberty.
    • Rhode Island emerged as the first English colony with complete religious freedom, including for non-Christians.

    Indigenous and African Involvement

    • Native Americans had no immunity to European diseases, which severely hindered their populations.
    • Most slaves brought to the Americas originated from West Africa, primarily for labor in plantations, especially in the West Indies.

    Key Figures and Discoveries

    • Marco Polo's writings inspired exploration by detailing the riches of Asia, influencing the age of discovery.
    • Christopher Columbus aimed to prove Asia could be reached by sailing west and underestimated the earth's size.
    • Amerigo Vespucci was the first to recognize the Americas as a "New World," leading to the term "America."

    Early Colonization Efforts

    • The Mayflower Compact established a civil government for Plymouth colonists, crucial for maintaining order.
    • Jamestown was founded by the English primarily as a business enterprise.
    • The Colony of Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore as a haven for Roman Catholics.

    Economic Practices and Acts

    • England's Navigation Acts promoted mercantilism, emphasizing trade policies that favored the mother country.
    • The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal, impacting territorial claims.

    Social Movements and Reactions

    • The Great Awakening was a religious revival led by figures like George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards.
    • Salem, Massachusetts, became infamous for witchcraft hysteria, leading to the execution of innocents.

    End of Monarchies and Political Changes

    • The "Glorious Revolution" resulted in King James II being deposed, leading to the establishment of William and Mary as monarchs and the adoption of the English Bill of Rights.
    • England's first attempt at colonization in North America was at Roanoke, which ended in mystery.

    Miscellaneous Historical Context

    • Beringia was a prehistoric land bridge that connected Asia and North America, facilitating early human migration to the Americas.
    • The invention of the printing press was significant as it promoted publications that fueled exploration and discovery efforts.

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    Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts for the HIST 1301 Exam 1. Explore early colonial settlements and the interaction between different groups in North America. Perfect for quick revision before the exam!

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