Questions and Answers
What was the nomadic system of beliefs during the prehistoric stage focused on?
Unpredictable spirits and their impact on health
What was the purpose of trepanning skulls during the prehistoric stage?
To cure diseases and free victims from demons
What did Australian Aborigines believe caused illness during the prehistoric stage?
Loss or theft of a person's spirit by an enemy
What was the role of witch-doctors during the prehistoric stage?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with the origin of the microscopic study of tissues?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is known for their contributions to the field of bacteriology and the germ theory?
Signup and view all the answers
Which scientist is associated with the development of antisepsis using carbolic acid (Phenol)?
Signup and view all the answers
Who discovered X-rays, revolutionizing the field of surgery?
Signup and view all the answers
Which pair of scientists are credited with the development of insulin?
Signup and view all the answers
Who performed the first open-heart surgery in 1950?
Signup and view all the answers
Who performed the first heart transplant in 1967?
Signup and view all the answers
Who developed hip replacements in 1972?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with the discovery of penicillin?
Signup and view all the answers
What did Marie François Xavier Bichat contribute to?
Signup and view all the answers
When was the first kidney transplant performed?
Signup and view all the answers
What was one of Joseph Lister's significant contributions to medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
During the Middle Ages, what contributed to the disintegration of western Europe into numerous small fiefdoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What was lacking in Europe during the Middle Ages, which hindered the establishment of universities and public health systems?
Signup and view all the answers
Where did many medical ideas from the Greeks and Romans survive during the Middle Ages?
Signup and view all the answers
What dominated medicine during the Middle Ages, emphasizing authority rather than investigation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which period saw the rebirth of learning, the scientific revolution, and advancements in anatomy, surgery, and public health?
Signup and view all the answers
Who made significant anatomical research in the late 15th and early 16th centuries during the Renaissance?
Signup and view all the answers
[During the Renaissance], what recognized the importance of preventing illnesses through hygiene and lifestyle?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is considered the 'Father of Medicine' in ancient Egyptian civilization?
Signup and view all the answers
Which civilization is credited with the rejection of magical and superstitious influences in medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ancient medical text contained observations and cures for injuries without magical thinking?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is attributed to the Hippocratic texts that marked the beginning of technical medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ancient civilization contributed significantly to the development of medical knowledge through logic in discussions about health and medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
Who were the figures from ancient Egyptian society who performed rituals for divine punishment and healing through magic and medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ancient civilization made crucial discoveries about the human body, such as mummification?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is attributed with crucial discoveries about the human body such as mummification in ancient Egyptian civilization?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ancient Greek philosopher is associated with employing logic in discussions about health and medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
What marked the beginning of technical medicine in ancient Greece with a focus on natural causes for illness?
Signup and view all the answers
Which stage of medicine in ancient Greece saw the rejection of magical and superstitious influences?
Signup and view all the answers
What did ancient Greek doctors focus on to maintain health and prevent disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the emphasis of Hippocratic Medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the recommended daily routine for self-care according to Hippocratic Medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Hippocratic Oath outline?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the impact of Greek medical practices on Rome during the Roman Empire?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was the most important physician of the Roman Empire known for his expertise in sports medicine, surgical techniques, and anatomy?
Signup and view all the answers
What were some anatomical errors made by Galen due to his reliance on animal dissections?
Signup and view all the answers
What did Romans develop during the Roman Empire that decreased the occurrence of epidemics?
Signup and view all the answers
How did Romans keep their troops fit and healthy in terms of medical assistance?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
- Hippocratic Medicine (c.500BC): Hippocrates emphasized the importance of self-care and hygiene.
- Daily self-care routine: After waking up, face and eyes should be washed with pure water. Teeth should be rubbed with fine peppermint powder. Head should be rubbed and anointed daily, but washed and combed only occasionally.
- Walking regimen: Young and middle-aged men should take a walk of about 10 stadia before sunrise. Walking before meals clears out the body and prepares it for food.
- Hippocratic Medicine (c.500BC): Hippocratic Oath outlines the ethical code for doctors.
- Hippocratic Oath: Doctors should teach their art to their master and children, as well as to all their pupils who will swear the oath. Doctors should not administer poison or harm pregnant women.
- Prehistoric Stage: Pre-technical medicine: Healing was based on magic and religious practices, and each family was served by their "pater familiae."
- Roman Empire (100 BC): Greek medical practices were imposed on Rome, and doctors were mostly Greeks brought as slaves.
- Roman Empire (130-200 AD): Galen, the most important physician of the Roman Empire, was trained at Alexandria. He was an expert in sports medicine, surgical techniques, and anatomy.
- Roman Empire (130-200 AD): Galen made anatomical errors due to his reliance on animal dissections. He believed that blood was created in the liver and that it flowed from one side of the heart to the other.
- Roman Empire (130-200 AD): Romans developed the first-ever system of public health, including aqueducts, public toilets, and a sewer system, which decreased the occurrence of epidemics.
- Military Health: Romans kept troops fit and healthy through medical assistants, medicus medical officers, and a military medical school that required all physicians to attend.
- Military Medicine: Advances in surgery included the use of antiseptic methods, such as acetum, analgesic treatment, and ointments and medicinal plant extracts.
- Middle Ages (IV-XV centuries AD): The Middle Ages marked the period between the end of the Roman Empire (476 AD) and the beginning of the Renaissance (1453 AD). During this time, medical practices were influenced by religious and magical beliefs.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
