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Questions and Answers
What type of word order does Hindi typically follow?
What type of word order does Hindi typically follow?
- Subject-Verb-Object (SVO)
- Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) (correct)
- Verb-Subject-Object (VSO)
- Object-Subject-Verb (OSV)
How many genders do Hindi nouns have?
How many genders do Hindi nouns have?
- One
- None
- Two (correct)
- Three
What are the two cases of Hindi nouns?
What are the two cases of Hindi nouns?
nominative and oblique
Verbs in Hindi do not agree with the subject in number and gender.
Verbs in Hindi do not agree with the subject in number and gender.
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Hindi uses ____ instead of prepositions to indicate grammatical relationships.
Hindi uses ____ instead of prepositions to indicate grammatical relationships.
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Study Notes
Grammar
Word Order
- Hindi typically follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order
- However, the word order can be flexible and changed for emphasis or poetic effect
Nouns
- Hindi nouns have two numbers: singular and plural
- Two genders: masculine and feminine
- Two cases: nominative and oblique
- Nouns can be further divided into two categories:
- animate (जीव, jīv)
- inanimate (निर्जीव, nirjīv)
Verbs
- Hindi verbs are inflected for:
- tense (present, past, future)
- mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive)
- voice (active, passive)
- aspect (simple, progressive, perfect)
- Verbs agree with the subject in number and gender
- Imperfective and perfective aspects are used to express ongoing and completed actions, respectively
Postpositions
- Hindi uses postpositions to indicate grammatical relationships
- Postpositions are used instead of prepositions
- Examples: के (ke), की (kī), में (meṁ), पर (par)
Sentence Formation
- Hindi sentences often use compound verbs, where an auxiliary verb is used in conjunction with a main verb
- Emphasis can be changed by using different verb forms or word order
- Sentences can be negated using the negative particle नहीं (nahī̃)
Grammar of Hindi
Word Order
- Hindi typically follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, but can be flexible for emphasis or poetic effect
Nouns
- Hindi nouns have:
- Two numbers: singular and plural
- Two genders: masculine and feminine
- Two cases: nominative and oblique
- Categorization into:
- Animate (जीव, jīv)
- Inanimate (निर्जीव, nirjīv)
Verbs
- Hindi verbs are inflected for:
- Tense: present, past, and future
- Mood: indicative, imperative, and subjunctive
- Voice: active and passive
- Aspect: simple, progressive, and perfect
- Verbs agree with the subject in number and gender
- Imperfective and perfective aspects express ongoing and completed actions, respectively
Postpositions
- Hindi uses postpositions to indicate grammatical relationships
- Examples of postpositions: के (ke), की (kī), में (meṁ), पर (par)
Sentence Formation
- Hindi sentences often use compound verbs, combining an auxiliary verb with a main verb
- Emphasis can be changed by using different verb forms or word order
- Negation is achieved using the negative particle नहीं (nahī̃)
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