Hindi Grammar Fundamentals

Study Notes

Hindi grammar is similar to that of other Indo-Aryan languages, with some influences from Persian and Arabic.
Hindi has a subject-object-verb word order.
Verbs are inflected for tense, mood, and aspect.
Hindi has a complex system of honorifics, with different verb forms used to show respect or politeness.

Hindi nouns are inflected for case (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative) and number (singular and plural).
Hindi nouns can be classified into two main categories:
1. Sarva naam (common nouns): these are general nouns that can be used to refer to any member of a category, e.g. kitab (book).
2. Vyakti naam (proper nouns): these are names of specific people, places, or things, e.g. Rahul (a person's name).
Hindi nouns can also be classified into three types based on their gender:
1. Pulleen (masculine): these nouns refer to male beings or things, e.g. laRka (boy).
2. Streeleen (feminine): these nouns refer to female beings or things, e.g. laRki (girl).
3. Napunsak (neuter): these nouns refer to non-living things or abstract concepts, e.g. ghar (house).
Hindi nouns can also be classified into two types based on their number:
1. Ek-vachan (singular): these nouns refer to one person or thing, e.g. kitab (book).
2. Bahuvachan (plural): these nouns refer to more than one person or thing, e.g. kitaben (books).

Hindi grammar shares similarities with other Indo-Aryan languages, with influences from Persian and Arabic.
Word order in Hindi typically follows the subject-object-verb structure.
Verbs in Hindi are inflected to convey tense, mood, and aspect.

Hindi nouns are inflected for two grammatical categories: case (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative) and number (singular and plural).
There are two main categories of Hindi nouns:
Sarva naam (common nouns): general nouns that can refer to any member of a category, e.g., kitab (book).
Vyakti naam (proper nouns): names of specific people, places, or things, e.g., Rahul (a person's name).
Hindi nouns can be classified into three types based on gender:
Pulleen (masculine): nouns that refer to male beings or things, e.g., laRka (boy).
Streeleen (feminine): nouns that refer to female beings or things, e.g., laRki (girl).
Napunsak (neuter): nouns that refer to non-living things or abstract concepts, e.g., ghar (house).
Hindi nouns can also be classified into two types based on number:
Ek-vachan (singular): nouns that refer to one person or thing, e.g., kitab (book).
Bahuvachan (plural): nouns that refer to more than one person or thing, e.g., kitaben (books).