Hidden Figures Chapters 16-23 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a lecture?

A spoken lesson (correct)

A written document

A group discussion

An online course

What does 'incomprehensible' mean?

Not understandable

What does 'permitted' mean?

Allowed

What does 'discouraged' mean?

Hopeless; lower strength Signup and view all the answers

What are 'activists'?

People who fight for a cause Signup and view all the answers

What does 'deviation' refer to?

An error or mistake Signup and view all the answers

What did NACA change their name to?

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration Signup and view all the answers

Why was the closing of West Area Computing bittersweet for Dorothy Vaughn?

Her time as a manager was ending. Signup and view all the answers

What significant meeting did Katherine Goble attend in 1958?

An editorial meeting as a black woman. Signup and view all the answers

What did Katherine Goble's supervisor encourage her to do?

Put her name on the report. Signup and view all the answers

What was Mary Jackson's focus while Katherine focused on the orbit?

Making supersonic airplanes faster and more efficient. Signup and view all the answers

What competition were Mary and her son focused on in 1960?

All-American Soap Box Derby. Signup and view all the answers

What did Levi want to do in the future?

He wanted to be an engineer like his mother. Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of Katherine Goble's new mission in 1958?

Project Mercury. Signup and view all the answers

What was Project Mercury?

The first program for human spaceflight in the US. Signup and view all the answers

What made Katherine's calculations difficult?

Earth is shaped like a mandarin orange and the speed of Earth's rotation. Signup and view all the answers

What was the ruling in Brown v. Board of Education?

Made segregation in public schools illegal. Signup and view all the answers

What were some consequences after the Brown v. Board of Education ruling?

Some schools closed and black schools lost funding. Signup and view all the answers

What were the requirements to be eligible to be an astronaut?

Qualified test pilot, 5'11" or shorter, 180 lbs or lighter, younger than 40, at least a bachelor's degree. Signup and view all the answers

How many astronauts were part of the Mercury crew?

7, called the 'Mercury Seven'. Signup and view all the answers

What was Katherine's chief job?

Trajectory analysis. Signup and view all the answers

What was the NASA title change from 'computers'?

Math aides. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Katherine assigned to?

Ted Skopinski. Signup and view all the answers

Who did John Glenn trust for the launch calculations?

Katherine, the human computers. Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the sit-ins at Woolworth's?

Non-violent protests to achieve integration of public places. Signup and view all the answers

What job did Dorothy Vaughn change to after the introduction of giant computers?

Computer programmer. Signup and view all the answers

How many computer centers did NASA invest in?

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Why were orbital flights more difficult?

They often lost sight and radio contact. Signup and view all the answers

In 1961, how did the Soviets 'strike again'?

They put the first man in orbit around Earth. Signup and view all the answers

What animal was sent into suborbital flights, and what was its name?

Chimpanzee, named HAM. Signup and view all the answers

How long was the intended lunar mission?

6 days total, 3 to get there and 3 to get home. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the first two men to step foot on the moon on July 20, 1969?

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vocabulary Terms

Lecture: A spoken lesson intended to convey knowledge or information.
Incomprehensible: Describes something that cannot be understood.
Permitted: Indicates something that is allowed or authorized.
Discouraged: Reflects a feeling of hopelessness or reduced motivation.
Activists: Individuals who advocate or campaign for a cause or social change.
Deviation: Refers to an error or mistake that diverges from the norm.

NASA's Transformation and Missions

NACA transitioned to NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) to lead efforts against the Soviet Union in the space race, now required to share all information openly, including both successes and failures.
Katherine Goble participated in an editorial meeting in 1958, marking a significant moment as one of the first black women in such a role.

Key Developments and Responsibilities

Katherine Goble's supervisor encouraged her to put her name on a report, a historic first for a woman in the Aerospace Mechanics Division.
Katherine specialized in trajectory analysis, crucial for the success of Project Mercury, which initiated the U.S. first program for human spaceflight.

Personal Achievements and Family

Mary Jackson focused on enhancing supersonic airplane efficiency while her son, Levi, won the All-American Soap Box Derby in 1960 as the first boy of color to do so, expressing his desire to be an engineer like his mother.
Dorothy Vaughn adapted to the introduction of electronic computers by retraining as a computer programmer, learning FORTRAN to stay relevant in her field.

Brown v. Board of Education

The landmark ruling made segregation in public schools illegal, leading to various consequences such as school closures and loss of funding for black schools.

Astronaut Requirements and Mercury Crew

Astronaut eligibility criteria included being a qualified test pilot, standing 5'11" or shorter, weighing 180 lbs or lighter, younger than 40, and holding at least a bachelor's degree.
The Mercury crew consisted of 7 astronauts known as the "Mercury Seven," including notable figures like John Glenn and Alan Shepard.

Historical Context and Challenges

Orbital flights posed significant risks as they often led to loss of sight and radio contact for extended periods, amplifying the challenges inherent in space travel.
In 1961, the Soviets achieved a milestone by sending the first man into orbit, escalating the competition in the space race.

Space Exploration Milestones

The first suborbital flight involving a chimpanzee named HAM marked an important step in preparing for human space exploration.
The moon landing on July 20, 1969, was accomplished by astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, who became the first men to step foot on the lunar surface.

Sit-ins at locations like Woolworth's aimed for the peaceful integration of public places, showcasing the era's civil rights activism.

Technological Advancements

NASA established three computer centers to advance their computing capabilities in support of space missions.

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Description

This quiz provides flashcards for vocabulary words found in chapters 16 to 23 of 'Hidden Figures'. Each flashcard includes a word and its definition, helping to enhance your understanding of the text and improve your vocabulary. Perfect for students looking to review key terms from the book.