Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of hi-tech horticulture?
What is the primary aim of hi-tech horticulture?
Which of the following is NOT a technology associated with hi-tech horticulture?
Which of the following is NOT a technology associated with hi-tech horticulture?
What significant advantage does hi-tech horticulture provide in terms of input usage?
What significant advantage does hi-tech horticulture provide in terms of input usage?
How does hi-tech horticulture impact agricultural productivity?
How does hi-tech horticulture impact agricultural productivity?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following factors contribute to the need for modern technology in horticulture?
Which of the following factors contribute to the need for modern technology in horticulture?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of post-harvest management techniques in hi-tech horticulture?
What is the purpose of post-harvest management techniques in hi-tech horticulture?
Signup and view all the answers
In what way does hi-tech horticulture overcome agro-climate barriers?
In what way does hi-tech horticulture overcome agro-climate barriers?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method is included in high-tech horticulture for improving disease detection?
Which method is included in high-tech horticulture for improving disease detection?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the total establishment cost for a high-density mango orchard in rs/Acre?
What is the total establishment cost for a high-density mango orchard in rs/Acre?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the total establishment cost does the subtotals of B contribute?
What percentage of the total establishment cost does the subtotals of B contribute?
Signup and view all the answers
During which year is the labour cost for land preparation incurred?
During which year is the labour cost for land preparation incurred?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following contributes the highest individual cost to the total establishment cost?
Which of the following contributes the highest individual cost to the total establishment cost?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the total labour cost during the first year of gestation?
What is the total labour cost during the first year of gestation?
Signup and view all the answers
In the maintenance cost breakdown, which activity has the lowest total cost during the gestation period?
In the maintenance cost breakdown, which activity has the lowest total cost during the gestation period?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the total cost for fertilization application over the four years?
What is the total cost for fertilization application over the four years?
Signup and view all the answers
Which percentage reflects the cost of gap filling in relation to total investment?
Which percentage reflects the cost of gap filling in relation to total investment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following areas is NOT suitable for high-tech horticulture?
Which of the following areas is NOT suitable for high-tech horticulture?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes high-density planting (HDP)?
What characterizes high-density planting (HDP)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following components is NOT associated with high-density planting?
Which of the following components is NOT associated with high-density planting?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the main goals of high-density planting?
What is one of the main goals of high-density planting?
Signup and view all the answers
How is high-density planting (HDP) categorized based on tree density?
How is high-density planting (HDP) categorized based on tree density?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect is NOT a result of implementing high-density planting techniques?
Which aspect is NOT a result of implementing high-density planting techniques?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a potential benefit of high-density planting in terms of resource utilization?
What is a potential benefit of high-density planting in terms of resource utilization?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is proper canopy management important in HDP?
Why is proper canopy management important in HDP?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a significant challenge in high density planting (HDP) of mangoes over time?
What is a significant challenge in high density planting (HDP) of mangoes over time?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an effective way to manage tree growth in high density orchards?
What is an effective way to manage tree growth in high density orchards?
Signup and view all the answers
What spacing is commonly used in high density mango planting?
What spacing is commonly used in high density mango planting?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor is crucial for the success of high density mango orchards?
Which factor is crucial for the success of high density mango orchards?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a primary benefit of high density planting in mango cultivation?
What is a primary benefit of high density planting in mango cultivation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a major disadvantage of overcrowded high density orchards?
What is a major disadvantage of overcrowded high density orchards?
Signup and view all the answers
What cost benefit is associated with high density mango orchards?
What cost benefit is associated with high density mango orchards?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method has not been significantly successful in controlling tree growth in high density planting?
Which method has not been significantly successful in controlling tree growth in high density planting?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Hi-Tech Horticulture in India
- Horticulture is a crucial element of food security and economic well-being, particularly in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala.
- Hi-tech horticulture employs technology to enhance the value and quality of farm produce, making it more modern and less dependent on the environment while increasing productivity and farmer income.
- It's a process that involves the complete chain from seed/variety selection to the finished product through modern crop production and post-harvest management.
Importance and Scope
- The Indian horticulture sector faces rising pressure from population growth, environmental changes (global warming, climate change), decreasing land availability, and the increasing demand for quality produce.
- Hi-tech horticulture is crucial to meet these challenges by employing modern technologies.
Technologies Used
- High Density Planting (HDP): A method used to maximize yield and quality by planting at higher densities than traditional methods.
- Integrated nutrient, water, weed and pest management: A holistic approach controlling multiple factors impacting growth.
- Precision Farming: Uses data and technology to optimize resource use and increase yield.
- Organic Farming: Cultivates crops without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, improving environmental friendliness.
- Use of modern immuno-diagnostic techniques: Quickly identifying and controlling viral diseases.
- Post-harvest technologies: Includes cold chain management for longer preservation.
- Use of genetically modified (GM) crop varieties: Using genetically modified crops or strains.
- Protected cultivation: Growing crops under sheltered environments, increasing productivity and mitigating environmental influences.
- Micro-propagation: Growing plant material rapidly and cheaply.
Advantages of High-Tech Farming
- Increased yield (up to 5-8 times).
- Significant savings in key inputs such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides.
- Better quality and uniformity in produce.
- Suitable for various land types (undulating terrains, saline, waterlogged, sandy, hilly).
Potential Areas for Hi-Tech Horticulture
- Urban and peri-urban areas: Meeting local needs for fresh produce.
- Areas with limited land or water resources: maximizing productivity under constraints.
- Areas restricted by climate factors (snowfall, low temperature): addressing limitations in crop production conditions.
- Small and marginal land holdings: Utilizing available resources more efficiently.
- Agri-business enterprises for youth: Leveraging technology for a profitable agricultural venture.
High Density Planting (HDP)
- Originated in Europe for temperate fruits in the late 1960s.
- Aims for maximum yield at maturity while controlling the size and shape of plants.
- Classified by plant density: low, higher, or ultra-high HDP.
- Maintaining balance between vegetative and reproductive growth is key for healthy plants. Pineapple, banana, mango, apple, and citrus are good examples of the effectiveness of HDP in India.
Principles of HDP
- Maximum utilization of vertical and horizontal space.
- Maximizing returns on inputs.
- High capture of sunlight.
- Efficient land use.
- Correct balance of vegetative and reproductive plant growth.
Components of HDP
- Planting system: Arrangement of plants on the ground
- Canopy management: Shaping of plant canopies
- Use of rootstocks
- Training and pruning: Reshaping plant growth
- Use of growth regulators: Controlling plant growth rates
Advantages of HDP
- Optimized land and resource utilization.
- Increased yield with improved quality produce.
- Reduced labor cost resulting in lower production costs.
- Efficient use of inputs (e.g., fertilizers, water, pesticides).
- Easy adoption of modern inputs.
- Early returns on investment.
Disadvantages of HDP
- Heavy competition for space, water, and nutrients.
- Overcrowded canopies can lead to increased pests, diseases, and humidity.
- Difficulties in controlling plant growth
Methods of HDP
- Close planting for more plants per unit area.
- Manipulating plant vigor for optimum yields.
- Controlling plant size through dwarf cultivars or rootstocks
- Applying various techniques like grafting & pruning
Economics of High-Density Mango Cultivation
- A modern approach that allows dense planting of mango trees.
- Modified canopy for efficient light capture and distribution and facilitates mechanized field operations.
- Increased yield and returns per unit area.
- Regular pruning and growth regulators aid in controlling the size and shape of the tree.
Model Investment Pattern in Mango Orchard (Example)
- Data about costs associated with setting up and maintaining a mango orchard.
Maintenance Cost of High Density Mango Orchard (Example)
- Detailed cost data for different phases of mango orchard development.
Maintenance Cost of Mango Orchard in Bearing Period (Example)
- Cost data for orchards already bearing fruit.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the significance of hi-tech horticulture in India, focusing on its role in food security and economic growth. This quiz covers the technologies employed, as well as the challenges faced by the horticulture sector due to environmental changes and population growth. Test your knowledge about modern practices that enhance agricultural productivity.
