29 Questions
What happens when we receive additional information beyond our cognitive capacity?
We experience information overload
Why do people adopt strategies to 'stretch' their cognitive resources?
To reduce their mental effort
What is a major reason why much of our social thought occurs on 'automatic'?
Because we use heuristics to make quick decisions
What is the primary function of a heuristic?
To make complex decisions rapidly and efficiently
What is the relationship between schemas and knowledge?
Schemas are the basis for knowledge
What is the primary difference between a schema and a heuristic?
A schema is used for storing information, while a heuristic is used for solving problems
What is the basis of judgment when using the rule of representativeness?
The similarity between an individual and a given group
Why are judgments based on representativeness sometimes inaccurate?
Because they ignore the frequency of events or patterns in the population
What is the impact of ignoring base rates when making judgments based on representativeness?
It increases the likelihood of incorrect conclusions
In the example of the neighbor, what is the correct conclusion about her occupation?
She is more likely to be a business manager than a librarian
What is another context in which the representativeness heuristic is used?
When judging whether specific causes resemble and are likely to produce effects of similar magnitude
What is the advantage of using the rule of representativeness?
It reduces the effort required in social cognition
What is the effect of a positive mood on an interviewer's ratings?
They assign higher ratings to the people they interview
What is the result of positive moods on our confidence in interpreting others' actions?
It increases our confidence
What is the term for the phenomenon where current moods determine what information is noticed and entered into memory?
Mood congruence
How do current moods affect the information that enters into long-term storage?
They permit primarily consistent information to enter
What is the impact of affect on cognition, in terms of memory?
It influences what information is noticed and stored
What was the occupation of the participants in the study?
Legal professionals
Who recommended prison sentences in one of the studies?
A journalist
How were the recommended sentences generated in another study?
Randomly by throwing dice
What was the effect of the anchors on the participants' sentencing recommendations?
Sentences were harsher when exposed to a harsh anchor and more lenient when exposed to a lenient anchor
What type of court case did the participants read in the study?
A realistic criminal case
What should not have influenced the participants' sentencing recommendations?
The recommended sentences from the anchors
What is the impact of positive affect on people's problem-solving strategies?
They tend to rely on heuristic thought and previously gathered information.
How does our current mood affect our interpretations of people's behavior?
It tends to influence our attributions, with positive affect leading to positive motives and negative affect leading to negative motives.
What is the outcome of people experiencing negative affect when interpreting people's behavior?
They tend to attribute negative motives.
What are the implications of people experiencing positive affect on decision making?
They are more likely to rely on heuristic thought.
What is the primary difference between people experiencing positive affect and those experiencing negative affect in decision making?
Their reliance on rules of thumb.
What does research suggest about people experiencing positive affect when dealing with current problems or decisions?
They are more likely to rely on heuristic thought.
Learn how people use mental shortcuts to reduce cognitive effort and deal with information overload. This quiz explores the strategies we use to make decisions and process information efficiently. Test your knowledge of social cognition and heuristics!
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