Heuristics in Social Cognition

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Questions and Answers

What happens when we receive additional information beyond our cognitive capacity?

  • We experience information overload (correct)
  • We rely more on automatic thinking
  • We become more efficient in our cognitive processing
  • We use schemas to organize the information

Why do people adopt strategies to 'stretch' their cognitive resources?

  • To reduce their mental effort (correct)
  • To increase their mental capacity
  • To avoid information overload
  • To make more accurate decisions

What is a major reason why much of our social thought occurs on 'automatic'?

  • Because we are naturally lazy
  • Because we have a lot of free time
  • Because we use heuristics to make quick decisions (correct)
  • Because our brains are wired to conserve energy

What is the primary function of a heuristic?

<p>To make complex decisions rapidly and efficiently (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between schemas and knowledge?

<p>Schemas are the basis for knowledge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a schema and a heuristic?

<p>A schema is used for storing information, while a heuristic is used for solving problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of judgment when using the rule of representativeness?

<p>The similarity between an individual and a given group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are judgments based on representativeness sometimes inaccurate?

<p>Because they ignore the frequency of events or patterns in the population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of ignoring base rates when making judgments based on representativeness?

<p>It increases the likelihood of incorrect conclusions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example of the neighbor, what is the correct conclusion about her occupation?

<p>She is more likely to be a business manager than a librarian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another context in which the representativeness heuristic is used?

<p>When judging whether specific causes resemble and are likely to produce effects of similar magnitude (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using the rule of representativeness?

<p>It reduces the effort required in social cognition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a positive mood on an interviewer's ratings?

<p>They assign higher ratings to the people they interview (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of positive moods on our confidence in interpreting others' actions?

<p>It increases our confidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where current moods determine what information is noticed and entered into memory?

<p>Mood congruence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do current moods affect the information that enters into long-term storage?

<p>They permit primarily consistent information to enter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of affect on cognition, in terms of memory?

<p>It influences what information is noticed and stored (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the occupation of the participants in the study?

<p>Legal professionals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who recommended prison sentences in one of the studies?

<p>A journalist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were the recommended sentences generated in another study?

<p>Randomly by throwing dice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of the anchors on the participants' sentencing recommendations?

<p>Sentences were harsher when exposed to a harsh anchor and more lenient when exposed to a lenient anchor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of court case did the participants read in the study?

<p>A realistic criminal case (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should not have influenced the participants' sentencing recommendations?

<p>The recommended sentences from the anchors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of positive affect on people's problem-solving strategies?

<p>They tend to rely on heuristic thought and previously gathered information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does our current mood affect our interpretations of people's behavior?

<p>It tends to influence our attributions, with positive affect leading to positive motives and negative affect leading to negative motives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of people experiencing negative affect when interpreting people's behavior?

<p>They tend to attribute negative motives. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the implications of people experiencing positive affect on decision making?

<p>They are more likely to rely on heuristic thought. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between people experiencing positive affect and those experiencing negative affect in decision making?

<p>Their reliance on rules of thumb. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does research suggest about people experiencing positive affect when dealing with current problems or decisions?

<p>They are more likely to rely on heuristic thought. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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