Heteroglycans and Gums Quiz

Uronic Acids

• Uronic acids are carboxylic acids that contain a hydroxyl group on one carbon and a carboxyl group on an adjacent carbon.
• Commonly found in polysaccharides and contribute to the structure and function of plant cell walls.
• Example of uronic acids includes glucuronic acid, which plays a role in detoxifying drugs and toxins in the liver.

Tragacanth Gum

• The main constituent of Tragacanth gum is the polysaccharide tragacanthin.
• Tragacanth gum is a natural gum obtained from the dried sap of various species of Middle Eastern plants.
• Its physicochemical properties include high viscosity, thickening ability, and emulsifying properties, making it useful in food and pharmaceutical applications.

Functions of Seed Gum

• Seed gums primarily serve to retain moisture and provide structural support to the seeds.
• They facilitate seed germination by ensuring adequate hydration and nutrient availability.
• Seed gums also play a role in protecting seedlings from environmental stress.

Physicochemical Properties of Tragacanth Gum

• Exhibits high water solubility, forming viscous gels upon hydration.
• Provides thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying effects in various formulations.
• Characterized by strong adhesive properties and ability to improve texture in food products.

Marine Gums

• Marine gums are formed from algae and other marine organisms, primarily composed of polysaccharides.
• They play a significant role in maintaining the structural integrity and buoyancy of marine plants.
• Marine gums are used in various applications, including food additives and pharmaceuticals.

Constituents of Tragacanth Gum

• Major components include tragacanthin and bassorin, which contribute to its unique properties.
• These polysaccharides are responsible for the gum's textural attributes and its ability to absorb water.
• Trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium may also be present.

Function of Marine Gum

• Marine gum functions in providing buoyancy and structural support to marine organisms.
• It helps protect against environmental stressors, such as fluctuations in salinity and temperature.
• Used in various industries for its thickening and stabilizing properties.

Exudates Gums Formation

• Exudates gums are formed from the secretion of plants in response to injury or environmental stress.
• Common examples include gum arabic and gum tragacanth, which are harvested for industrial use.
• These gums play a functional role in seed protection and wound healing in plants.