Hershey–Chase Experiment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the T2 virus?

  • A bacterium
  • A component of DNA
  • A bacteriophage that infects Escherichia coli (correct)
  • A type of protein

    • How does a phage reproduce?

  • By transforming into a protein structure
  • By injecting its DNA into the bacterial cell (correct)
  • By breaking down the bacterial cell's wall
  • By attaching to the bacterial cell's outer wall

    • Why did biologists conduct the Hershey-Chase experiment?

  • To study the structure of phage proteins
  • To investigate the components of a bacterium
  • To understand the process of phage reproduction (correct)
  • To determine how phages attach to a bacterial cell

    • What was the composition of the T2 phage in terms of protein and nucleic acid?

    <p>50% protein, 50% nucleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do progeny phages emerge from a cell after infection?

    <p>They escape by breaking open the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did radioactive isotopes play in the Hershey-Chase experiment?

    <p>Tracking the fate of phosphorus and sulfur in protein and DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty isolate and purify successfully in 1944?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of enzymes were ineffective against the transforming substance identified by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty?

    <p>Ribonuclease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Griffith theorize might be responsible for the transformation of the R-strain bacteria?

    <p>Polysaccharide coat of the dead bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria had mutated to the virulent S form according to one of Griffith's interpretations?

    <p>Type IIR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzymes had an effect on eliminating the biological activity of the transforming substance?

    <p>DNAse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Griffith conclude was the reason behind the transformation of R-strain bacteria?

    <p>Acquiring genetic virulence of the dead S-strain bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Griffith observe when he injected living S-strain bacteria into mice?

    <p>The mice developed pneumonia and died.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result when Griffith injected R-strain bacteria into mice?

    <p>The mice lived, and no bacteria were found in their blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Griffith's expectation when he injected heat-killed S-strain bacteria into mice?

    <p>The mice would live with no bacteria in their blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Griffith's surprising observation when he infected the mice with living type IIR bacteria and heat-killed type IIIS bacteria?

    <p>The mice developed pneumonia and died.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was significant about the type IIIS bacteria observed by Griffith in the blood of the infected mice?

    <p>They were virulent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conclusion did Griffith draw from the fact that the infectivity of the type IIIS bacteria was heritable through several generations?

    <p>Genetic material could be passed from bacteria to bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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