Herpes Treatment and VZV Infections Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the correct dosing schedule for applying Penciclovir Topical (Denavir) for herpes treatment?

  • Every hour for 5 days
  • Twice a day for 7 days
  • Four times a day for 3 days
  • Every 2 hours for 4 days (correct)

    • What is the primary manifestation of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) infection in childhood?

  • Conjunctivitis
  • Chicken Pox (correct)
  • Herpes Zoster
  • Erysipelas

    • Which statement correctly describes Herpes Keratitis?

  • Is the most common cause of corneal blindness in children
  • Can occur at any age and is a leading cause of corneal transplantation (correct)
  • Only affects adults over the age of 50
  • Is primarily a bacterial infection

    • What is the infectious period for Chicken Pox?

    <p>From 2 days before rash onset until all vesicles crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is NOT mentioned as a treatment for Herpes Keratitis?

    <p>Acyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily suppressive therapy dosage of Acyclovir for HIV+ patients?

    <p>400-800 mg po bid-tid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is indicated when acyclovir resistance is suspected?

    <p>Foscarnet 40 mg/kg IV q8h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line empirical treatment for Herpes Encephalitis?

    <p>Acyclovir 5-10 mg/kg Q8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For neonatal herpes, what is the treatment duration for disseminated or CNS infection?

    <p>21 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relation to HSV, which statement about resistance is accurate?

    <p>All acyclovir-resistant strains are also resistant to famciclovir.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary species responsible for the 2018 West Africa Ebola outbreak?

    <p>Zaire ebolavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key physiological condition is associated with the clinical management of Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Hypovolemia and sepsis physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT recommended for symptomatic management in Ebola virus infection?

    <p>NSAIDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission of the Ebola virus after a spillover event from wildlife to humans?

    <p>Human-human transmission through direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of virus is the Ebola virus categorized as?

    <p>Enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of chickenpox?

    <p>Bacterial infection of blisters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age is the Varivax vaccine indicated for vaccination?

    <p>12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant symptom that precedes herpes zoster lesions?

    <p>Mild pre-eruptive itch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is proven effective in treating localized varicella zoster virus (VZV)?

    <p>Acyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN)?

    <p>Topical capsaicin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vaccines is recommended as the preferred shingles vaccine?

    <p>Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV, Shingrix)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to decrease severity of disease in high-risk individuals exposed to varicella zoster virus?

    <p>Varizig®</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of lesions in herpes zoster infections?

    <p>They appear as grouped vesicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigational treatment for Ebola virus includes monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>ZMapp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for Favipiravir?

    <p>RNA polymerase inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments showed higher overall survival during the 2018 DRC outbreak?

    <p>mAb114 and REGN-EB3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccine candidate is derived from an attenuated virus for Ebola prevention?

    <p>Vectored vaccine using vesicular stomatitis virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding antiviral drugs for Ebola virus disease (EVD)?

    <p>Ribavirin is effective against the Ebola virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments utilizes lipid nanoparticles for delivery?

    <p>Tekmira</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What experimental strategy involves using the blood of recovered Ebola patients?

    <p>Convalescent serum therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigational medication is NOT specifically mentioned as part of the Ebola therapeutic exploration?

    <p>Ribavirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Herpes Treatment in HIV+ Patients

    • Acyclovir options for acute infection: 400 mg po tid or 200 mg po 5 times/day for 5-10 days; alternatives include Famciclovir 500 mg po bid or Valacyclovir 1 g po bid for similar duration.
    • Daily suppressive therapy for HIV+ patients: Acyclovir 400-800 mg po bid-tid; Famciclovir 500 mg po bid; Valacyclovir 500 mg po bid.
    • Suspected resistance treatment includes Foscarnet 40 mg/kg IV q8h until resolution or topical Cidofovir 1% gel applied daily for 5 days; resistance to acyclovir affects valacyclovir and famciclovir.

    Herpes Encephalitis

    • Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause CNS infections; HSV-1 affects adults while HSV-2 is more common in newborns.
    • PCR testing is preferred over cultures for diagnosis; early detection is crucial with mortality rates at 50-85%.
    • Empirical treatment with Acyclovir 5-10 mg/kg IV every 8 hours for 2-3 weeks; Foscarnet used in cases of resistance.

    Neonatal Herpes

    • High mortality and morbidity risk for neonates exposed during pregnancy.
    • Treatment involves Acyclovir 20-60 mg/kg IV every 8 hours for 21 days for disseminated/CNS infection or 14 days for skin/mucosal infection.

    Oral-Facial Herpes

    • Herpes labialis treatment varies with immune status; options include topical and oral treatments.
    • Topical treatment options: Docosanol (Abreva) applied 5 times daily until healed; Acyclovir Topical (Zovirax) applied 5 times daily for 4 days; Acyclovir Buccal Tablet (Sitavig) as a single 50 mg dose; Penciclovir Topical (Denavir) every 2 hours for 4 days.

    Herpes Keratitis

    • Eye infection across all age groups; primary cause of corneal blindness in the U.S. and a leading reason for corneal transplants.
    • Treatment includes Trifluridine, Idoxuridine, and Vidarabine.

    Varicella-Zoster Infections

    • Primary manifestation of VZV is Varicella (chickenpox), while secondary manifestation is Herpes Zoster (shingles); risk increases with age.
    • Chickenpox characterized by a highly contagious nature, common childhood infection, and fever before rash onset, typically 10-14 days post-exposure.

    Chicken Pox Management

    • Supportive care includes cool baths and antipruritic treatments; avoid aspirin.
    • Varivax vaccine indicated for individuals 12 months and older; 0.5 mL dose subcutaneously, with a second dose at least 3 months later.

    Herpes Zoster Infections

    • Result from reactivation of latent VZV; common in patients over 40 years old.
    • Initial symptoms include mild itch or pain; lesions appear as macules, papules, and grouped vesicles, resolving in 2-4 weeks.
    • Treatments include Acyclovir 800 mg po five times a day, Famciclovir 500 mg po TID, and Valacyclovir 1 g po TID for shingles.

    Post-Herpetic Neuralgia (PHN)

    • Lasts more than 30 days after rash onset; most common manifestation of herpes zoster.
    • FDA-approved treatments include topical capsaicin, lidocaine patches, gabapentin, and pregabalin.

    Ebola Virus

    • Ebola is a zoonotic, enveloped filovirus causing severe hemorrhagic fever with high case fatality rates.
    • Major reservoir is likely bats; transmission involves spillover from wild animals to humans and human-to-human spread.

    Clinical Management of Ebola

    • Focused on addressing hypovolemia, sepsis physiology, and managing electrolyte abnormalities.
    • Supportive care essential; avoid NSAIDs, and manage multisystem organ failure with oxygenation, mechanical ventilation, and renal replacement therapy if required.

    Investigational Therapies for Ebola

    • No FDA-approved specific antiviral treatment; investigational therapies include convalescent serum and antiviral medications like ZMapp and Tekmira.
    • Ebola vaccines under development, targeting specific viral genes; some show promise in clinical trials.

    Prevention of Ebola

    • Ongoing research into Ebola vaccines, indications for development based on outbreak responses, focusing on at-risk populations.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the dosing schedule for Penciclovir Topical and explore various aspects of herpes treatments and Varicella-Zoster virus infections. This quiz covers critical topics including Herpes Keratitis and specific treatments for HIV+ patients. Perfect for students or healthcare professionals wanting to reinforce their understanding.

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