Heredity Theories

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Questions and Answers

What is the expected outcome of blending inheritance in terms of trait uniformity?

  • Loss of traits
  • No change in traits
  • Uniformity in traits (correct)
  • Variation in traits

What is the term used by Mendel to describe the 'heritable units' in particulate inheritance?

  • Traits
  • Factors (correct)
  • Units
  • Genes

What is the analogy used to describe blending inheritance?

  • Mixing chemicals
  • Mixing paint (correct)
  • Mixing liquids
  • Mixing colors

Who demonstrated that blending inheritance would rapidly lead to complete uniformity for a biological trait?

<p>Fleeming Jenkin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the prevailing hypothesis of inheritance in the 19th century?

<p>Blending inheritance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of blending inheritance in terms of parental traits?

<p>Traits of the parents determine the outer bounds of the trait manifested in the offspring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle underlying Mendel's dihybrid cross?

<p>The Law of Independent Assortment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to individuals with two lethal alleles?

<p>They will not survive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a cross between two pea plants, what is the probability of an offspring having the genotype Rr?

<p>0.5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a trait that is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors?

<p>Quantitative characters/traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical expression of a trait?

<p>Phenotype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a gene that affects the expression of another gene at a different locus?

<p>Epistasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern of inheritance exhibited by the trait of brachydactyly in humans?

<p>Autosomal dominant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a condition caused by a de novo dominant allele?

<p>Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where one gene affects multiple phenotypic outcomes?

<p>Pleiotropy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of many human diseases?

<p>Mutations in single genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a trait that is determined by a single gene and follows Mendel's laws?

<p>ABO blood group system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with documenting the first Mendelian trait in humans?

<p>William Curtis Farabee (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of incomplete dominance?

<p>The phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate to the phenotype of either homozygote. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?

<p>Codominance results in a unique phenotype in the heterozygote, while incomplete dominance results in the expression of both alleles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of Mendel's First Law of Segregation?

<p>Half of the gametes carry one allele and the other half carry the other allele. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a single gene with multiple alleles present in a population?

<p>Multiple alleles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype in a heterozygote under incomplete dominance?

<p>The phenotype is intermediate to the phenotypes of the homozygotes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between particulate inheritance and blending inheritance?

<p>Particulate inheritance involves the separation of alleles, whereas blending inheritance involves the blending of alleles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Mendel's principles in understanding complex biological characters?

<p>Mendel's principles underpin the concept of particulate inheritance, which still applies to complex biological characters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Mendel's First Law, what is the proportion of gametes that carry one allele of a gene controlling a character?

<p>One-half (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where a single gene affects multiple phenotypes?

<p>Pleiotropy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the physical expression of a character in an organism?

<p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism?

<p>Genotype (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During gamete production, what happens to the two alleles of a gene controlling a character?

<p>They separate into different gametes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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