Heredity & Evolution Chapter 1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is responsible for the formation of new species?

  • Genetic variation, geographical, and reproductive changes (correct)
  • Geographical and reproductive isolation
  • Ability to walk upright and excessive use of hands for manipulation
  • Increase in brain volume and body size

Approximately 7 crore years ago, the ancestors of monkey-like animals were:

  • The first human beings
  • Lemur-like animals which evolved during this time (correct)
  • Dinosaurs that disappeared at that time
  • The first apelike animals

What evolutionary change took place around 4 crore years ago in monkey-like creatures?

  • Ability to walk upright and excessive use of hands for manipulation
  • Increase in brain volume and body size
  • Formation of new species
  • Disappearance of tails (correct)

When did the true wise and intelligent man arise according to the given passage?

<p>Around 50,000 years ago (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to speciation according to the passage?

<p>Geographical and reproductive isolation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the formation of new species along with genetic variation?

<p>Geographical and reproductive changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason fossils are preserved underground?

<p>They are remnants of organisms that resist decay after burial. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used to determine the age of fossils?

<p>Radiocarbon dating (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the initial similarity between vertebrate embryos provide evidence for?

<p>Common ancestry for all vertebrate classes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is referred to as the transfer of information from DNA to mRNA?

<p>Transcription (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle behind sudden changes in organisms?

<p>Mutation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist provided evidence for protein synthesis occurring through genes?

<p>George Beadle and Edward Tatum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does vestigial organ Appendix present in the human body serve as proof of?

<p>Evolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Theory of inheritance of acquired characters" is associated with which scientist?

<p>Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Lamarckism" suggests that morphological changes in living organisms are due to:

<p>&quot;Use and disuse&quot; of organs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has contributed to the development of weak wings in some bird species according to Lamarckism?

<p>Disuse of wings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Speciation

The process of forming new species.

Genetic Variation

Variations in the genetic makeup of individuals within a population.

Geographical Isolation

Separation of populations due to geographical barriers like mountains or rivers.

Reproductive Isolation

Changes in reproductive processes that prevent interbreeding between populations.

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Lemur-like Animals

The ancestors of monkey-like animals, evolving about 70 million years ago.

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Tail Loss in Monkeys

The disappearance of tails in monkey-like creatures, occurring around 40 million years ago.

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Modern Humans

The emergence of modern humans, characterized by complex intelligence and advanced cognitive abilities.

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Fossil Preservation

Preservation of remains of organisms that resist decay after burial.

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Radiocarbon Dating

A technique that uses radioactive isotopes to determine the age of fossils.

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Vertebrate Embryonic Similarities

The initial similarities observed in the embryonic stages of vertebrates, providing evidence for their common ancestor.

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Transcription

The process of transferring genetic information from DNA to mRNA.

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Mutations

Sudden changes in the DNA sequence of an organism.

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Genes and Protein Synthesis

The scientists George Beadle and Edward Tatum provided evidence for the role of genes in protein synthesis.

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Appendix (Vestigial Organ)

A vestigial organ in humans, suggesting evolutionary descent from ancestors who used it for digestion.

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Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characters

The theory that acquired characteristics are inherited, proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

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Lamarckism

The idea that morphological changes in organisms are due to the use or disuse of organs.

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