Hepatocytes Swelling and Necrosis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme is present in biliary epithelium?

  • Pepsin
  • Alkaline phosphatase (correct)
  • Amylase
  • Lipase

    • What is a test of hepatocyte function that can be affected by increased ammonia levels?

  • Insulin production
  • Hemoglobin concentration
  • Glycogen level
  • Prothrombin time (correct)

    • What is a complication associated with cholestasis?

  • Osteoporosis
  • Jaundice (correct)
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperthyroidism

    • Which histologic feature is characteristic of liver cirrhosis?

    <p>Bridging fibrous septa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in cholestasis as a result of hepatocyte swelling?

    <p>Foamy degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which liver condition results from irreversible end-stage chronic liver disease?

    <p>Liver cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of hepatocytes swelling?

    <p>Defects in membrane and/or mitochondrial function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of necrosis is characterized by poorly staining mummified hepatocytes with shadows of cells?

    <p>Coagulative necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes yellowish discoloration of skin & sclera in jaundice?

    <p>Systemic retention of bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in Kernicterus?

    <p>Accumulation of bilirubin in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is unconjugated bilirubin different from conjugated bilirubin?

    <p>Unconjugated bilirubin is tightly bound to serum albumin, whereas conjugated bilirubin is loosely bound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test can evaluate conjugated bilirubin specifically?

    <p>Direct bilirubin test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major etiologic association for the development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)?

    <p>Continuous bouts of inflammation caused by HBV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what percentage of cases does Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) occur without cirrhosis?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin, produced by certain fungi, is mentioned as a cause for mutation in p53 leading to Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

    <p>Aflatoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the male-to-female ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) between 20 - 40 years?

    <p>8:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is mentioned as a cause for accumulation of iron inside hepatocytes, contributing to Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

    <p>Hemochromatosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which setting does Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) almost exclusively occur in patients with HCV according to the text?

    <p>In the setting of cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)?

    <p>It is a solitary focus of hyperplastic hepatocyte nodules with a central fibrous scar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site of origin for metastatic carcinomas in the liver?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of liver cell dysplasia?

    <p>It is a precursor lesion to liver cell carcinoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benign epithelial neoplasm of the liver?

    <p>Liver cell adenoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of nodular regenerative hyperplasia?

    <p>It is a benign condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a malignant non-epithelial neoplasm of the liver?

    <p>Angiosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?

    <p>Presence of bile pigment or hyaline inclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the median survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?

    <p>7 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is associated with a better prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?

    <p>Single tumor &lt; 2 cm in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Surgical resection of smaller tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the pancreas mentioned in the text?

    <p>20 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the pancreatic duct empty into, according to the text?

    <p>Duodenum or the common bile duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

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