30 Questions
What is the primary route of transmission for Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
Through fecal-oral route
What is the typical incubation period for Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
10-15 days
What is the shape of the nucleocapsid of Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
Icosahedral
What is the genome type of Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
ssRNA positive polarity
What is the primary reservoir for Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
Humans
What is the frequency of chronic infection with Hepatitis A virus (HAV)?
Almost never occurs
What is the interpretation of a HBsAg positive, HBsAb negative, and HBcAb negative result?
Early acute HBV infection
What is the purpose of Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)?
To provide immediate, passive protection to individuals known to be exposed to HBsAg-positive blood
What type of RNA does the Hepatitis C virus contain?
ssRNA
What is the purpose of recombinant Alpha interferon in the treatment of HBV?
To treat chronic HBV infection
What is the composition of the HBV vaccine?
HBsAg subunit vaccine
What is the most common outcome of new HCV infections?
Subclinical infection
What percentage of adult patients with HBV become chronic carriers?
5%
What is the incubation period for HBV?
2-3 months
What is the primary mechanism by which HDV replicates?
By using the envelop protein of HBV
What is a characteristic of the cells that HIV preferentially infects?
They are CD4-positive T cells
What is the most important test for detection of early HBV infection?
Immunoassay for HBsAg
What is the outcome of most chronic carriers of HBV?
All of the above
What is a consequence of co-infection with HBV and HDV?
More severe hepatitis symptoms
What is a key feature of the HIV genome?
It is single-stranded RNA
What is the consequence of perinatal transmission of HBV from mother to newborn?
90% of infected neonates become chronic carriers
What is the outcome of natural infection with HBV?
Lifelong immunity
What is a preventive measure against HDV infection?
Immunization against HBV
What is a complication of HIV infection?
Loss of cell-mediated immunity
What is the typical duration of the clinical latent period in untreated HIV patients?
7 to 11 years
What is the primary effect of HIV on the immune system?
It destroys the immune system
What is the characteristic of HIV during the middle stage of infection?
The virus is being produced by lymph node cells
What is the result of monotherapy in HIV treatment?
It results in the rapid emergence of drug-resistant mutants
What is the characteristic of CD4 cells in AIDS patients?
The number of CD4 cells decreases to below 200 cells/μL
What is the effect of discontinuing HAART therapy on HIV production?
HIV production rebounds
This quiz covers the different types of hepatitis viruses, including A, B, C, D, and E, as well as their properties and characteristics. It also touches on HIV.
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