Questions and Answers
What is Heparin Sodium classified as?
What is the mechanism of action of Heparin Sodium?
Prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and affects clotting factors IX, XI, XII.
What are the indications for using Heparin Sodium?
What are the contraindications for Heparin Sodium?
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What are common adverse reactions of Heparin Sodium?
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Which drugs may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with Heparin Sodium?
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How is Heparin Sodium commonly supplied?
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What is the dosage for Heparin Sodium in adults?
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What is the duration of action and onset for Heparin Sodium?
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Heparin Sodium is recommended for pediatric patients.
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What is the pregnancy safety category of Heparin Sodium?
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Study Notes
Heparin Sodium Overview
- Heparin Sodium is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clotting.
- It does not dissolve existing blood clots; its primary function is to inhibit clot formation.
Classification
- Classified as an anticoagulant.
Mechanism of Action
- Prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
- Impacts clotting factors IX, XI, and XII, as well as plasmin.
Indications
- Used in acute myocardial infarction treatment.
- Indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders such as pulmonary emboli and deep venous thrombosis.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for patients with hypersensitivity, active bleeding, recent surgeries (intracranial, intraspinal, or ocular), severe hypertension, bleeding tendencies, or severe thrombocytopenia.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
- Potential adverse effects include pain, anaphylaxis, shock, hematuria, gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, and bruising.
Drug Interactions
- Use of salicylates, ibuprofen, dipyridamole, and hydroxychloroquine can increase the risk of bleeding.
Supply Formulation
- Commonly supplied in a concentration of 25,000 units in 500 mL, yielding 50 units/mL.
Dosage and Administration
- For adults, a bolus of 60 U/kg (max 4,000 IU) is recommended before initiating treatment, especially when used alongside fibrinolytic therapy.
- Continuous infusion following the bolus at a rate of 12 IU/kg/h, rounded to the nearest 50 (maximum 4,000 IU or 1,000 units/h).
Pediatric Use
- Heparin sodium is not recommended for pediatric patients.
Duration of Action
- Onset of action is immediate via IV and 20-60 minutes via subcutaneous administration.
- Peak effect is variable, with a duration of action between 4 to 8 hours.
Special Considerations
- Heparin is categorized as pregnancy safety Category C.
- It is an integral part of the antithrombotic package when combined with aspirin.
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Test your knowledge on Heparin Sodium with these flashcards. Learn about its class, mechanism of action, and various medical indications. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals.
