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Emil Nolde is known for his vigorous ______ and expressive choice of colours.
Emil Nolde is known for his vigorous ______ and expressive choice of colours.
brushwork
In Nolde's works, he countered his dissatisfaction with contemporary Western society with his concept of the 'noble ______'.
In Nolde's works, he countered his dissatisfaction with contemporary Western society with his concept of the 'noble ______'.
savage
Nolde's paintings frequently feature golden ______ and deep reds, giving a luminous quality to otherwise sombre tones.
Nolde's paintings frequently feature golden ______ and deep reds, giving a luminous quality to otherwise sombre tones.
yellows
Nolde was a supporter of the ______ party from the early 1920s.
Nolde was a supporter of the ______ party from the early 1920s.
A total of ______ of Nolde's works were removed from museums, more than those of any other artist.
A total of ______ of Nolde's works were removed from museums, more than those of any other artist.
Kathe Kollwitz's work portrays an expressive and intense account of the human ______.
Kathe Kollwitz's work portrays an expressive and intense account of the human ______.
Kathe Kollwitz worked with painting, printmaking (including etching, lithography and ______) and sculpture.
Kathe Kollwitz worked with painting, printmaking (including etching, lithography and ______) and sculpture.
Kirchner's use of distortion is a notable characteristic of his ______ work.
Kirchner's use of distortion is a notable characteristic of his ______ work.
Henri Matisse created colorful paper cut ______ towards the end of his life.
Henri Matisse created colorful paper cut ______ towards the end of his life.
The artist’s own emotional reaction in expressionism is portrayed in a highly ______ style.
The artist’s own emotional reaction in expressionism is portrayed in a highly ______ style.
German expressionism was characterized by free distortion of ______ and color.
German expressionism was characterized by free distortion of ______ and color.
The ______ of expressionism (capital E) is a specific art movement in Germany in the early 20th century.
The ______ of expressionism (capital E) is a specific art movement in Germany in the early 20th century.
During World War I, over 60 million European soldiers were ______ from 1914–1918.
During World War I, over 60 million European soldiers were ______ from 1914–1918.
The view from Matisse's apartment in ______ influenced his art.
The view from Matisse's apartment in ______ influenced his art.
The concept of ______ emphasizes the expression of emotions and feelings of the artist.
The concept of ______ emphasizes the expression of emotions and feelings of the artist.
André Derain spoke about the relationship between lines and ______ in his independent artistic vision.
André Derain spoke about the relationship between lines and ______ in his independent artistic vision.
Cubism had a major influence on the development of 20th century art in architecture, sculpture, painting, as well as in the applied arts like ______.
Cubism had a major influence on the development of 20th century art in architecture, sculpture, painting, as well as in the applied arts like ______.
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti published the First Futurist Manifesto in ______.
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti published the First Futurist Manifesto in ______.
Marinetti aimed to bring Italy in line with ______ life.
Marinetti aimed to bring Italy in line with ______ life.
The name Futurism was chosen to express positive feelings about modern ______.
The name Futurism was chosen to express positive feelings about modern ______.
Futurism began as a literary movement in Italy in ______.
Futurism began as a literary movement in Italy in ______.
Futurism glorified the future, the machine, speed, and ______.
Futurism glorified the future, the machine, speed, and ______.
In Marinetti's manifesto, he stated, 'We will glorify ______ – the only true hygiene of the world!'
In Marinetti's manifesto, he stated, 'We will glorify ______ – the only true hygiene of the world!'
Kollwitz was the first woman to be elected to the Prussian Academy of ______.
Kollwitz was the first woman to be elected to the Prussian Academy of ______.
Futurism had a socio-political agenda and published several ______.
Futurism had a socio-political agenda and published several ______.
After World War I, Kollwitz produced the print cycle ______ in woodcut form.
After World War I, Kollwitz produced the print cycle ______ in woodcut form.
Kollwitz's works included titles such as The Sacrifice, The Volunteers, and ______.
Kollwitz's works included titles such as The Sacrifice, The Volunteers, and ______.
Much of Kollwitz's art was inspired by pro-war ______ which she riffed on to create anti-war art.
Much of Kollwitz's art was inspired by pro-war ______ which she riffed on to create anti-war art.
The work 'The Volunteers' depicts a group of young men following the beat of a ______.
The work 'The Volunteers' depicts a group of young men following the beat of a ______.
In her series, Kollwitz wanted to show the ______ of living through a war.
In her series, Kollwitz wanted to show the ______ of living through a war.
The series 'War' was produced between ______ and 1922.
The series 'War' was produced between ______ and 1922.
In her art, Kollwitz expressed her intention to have an effect on these times in which human beings are ______.
In her art, Kollwitz expressed her intention to have an effect on these times in which human beings are ______.
Picasso considered a head to be a matter of eyes, nose, and mouth, which can be distributed in any way you like, highlighting the non-naturalistic style of African ______.
Picasso considered a head to be a matter of eyes, nose, and mouth, which can be distributed in any way you like, highlighting the non-naturalistic style of African ______.
Cubism was partly influenced by the late work of artist Paul ______, who painted from slightly different points of view.
Cubism was partly influenced by the late work of artist Paul ______, who painted from slightly different points of view.
Cézanne's ideas emphasize the underlying structure of things, which can be represented as a ______, cylinder, and sphere.
Cézanne's ideas emphasize the underlying structure of things, which can be represented as a ______, cylinder, and sphere.
Picasso moved away from traditional European painting by studying ______ and opting for a two-dimensional style.
Picasso moved away from traditional European painting by studying ______ and opting for a two-dimensional style.
In 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon', Picasso depicted five naked women with figures composed of flat, triangular shapes inspired by Iberian sculptures and African ______.
In 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon', Picasso depicted five naked women with figures composed of flat, triangular shapes inspired by Iberian sculptures and African ______.
The woman pulling the curtain in 'Les Demoiselles d’Avignon' showcases the most ______ representation among the figures, with sharp geometric shapes.
The woman pulling the curtain in 'Les Demoiselles d’Avignon' showcases the most ______ representation among the figures, with sharp geometric shapes.
Picasso's depiction of a woman with a dark face and square chest in 'Les Demoiselles d’Avignon' suggests a ______ interpretation of femininity.
Picasso's depiction of a woman with a dark face and square chest in 'Les Demoiselles d’Avignon' suggests a ______ interpretation of femininity.
The figure of the woman in 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' has been drawn from two different ______ at once, creating a complex visual experience.
The figure of the woman in 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' has been drawn from two different ______ at once, creating a complex visual experience.
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Study Notes
Henri Matisse
- Lived in an apartment overlooking the sea in Nice, France
- Art is a reflection of his life, both the view from inside and outside of his apartment
- Worked through both world wars, but this is not reflected in his art
"The Green Stripe"
- Created by Henri Matisse in 1905
"Red Room"
- Oil on canvas, created by Henri Matisse between 1908 and 1909
"Sorrows of the King"
- Art piece by Henri Matisse
"The Snail"
- Created by Henri Matisse, in 1952
- It’s a colorful paper cut collage
“Painting with Scissors”
- Technique used by Henri Matisse in the later years of his life
Maurice Vlaminck
- Artist
Andre Derain
- Artist
"Lines and Colors are Intimately Related"
- Quote by Andre Derain
- He believed that lines and colors have an independent and unbounded existence
German Expressionism
- Art movement that originated in Germany between 1905 and 1914
Artists Associated with German Expressionism
- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
- Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
- Erich Heckle
- Emil Nolde
- Max Pechstein
- Otto Mueller
Die Brücke
- German Expressionist art group
Der Blaue Reiter
- German Expressionist art group
- Wassily Kandinsky
- Franz Marc
Expressionism
- An art movement that portrays the artist's emotional reaction in a highly individualized style
- Characterized by free distortion of shape and color
Expressionism (lowercase 'e')
- A general art style that expresses emotions and feelings of the artist
- Features distortion and exaggeration
Berlin Street Scene
- Created in 1913
WWI
- Erupted in 1914
- Lasted from 1914 to 1918
- Mobilized over 60 million soldiers from across Europe
The Girl Under a Japanese Umbrella
- Created in 1906
- Should be analyzed for:
- Color
- Composition
- Mood
- Line
Erna with a Cigarette
- Created in 1905
- The printmaking method used in this painting influenced the lines
Alpküche
- Painting by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Emil Nolde
- One of the first Expressionist artists
- Known for vigorous brushwork and expressive choice of colors
- Used golden yellows and deep reds to create a luminous quality
- Inharmonious use of color
- Known for watercolors that depict storm-scapes and florals
St Mary of Egypt among sinners
- Created by Emil Nolde in 1912
- Should be analyzed for:
- Color
- Composition
- Mood
- Line
The Last Supper
- Created by Emil Nolde in 1909
Kathe Kollwitz
- Female German artist
- Known for intense and expressive portrayal of the human condition, particularly of the poor and figures in war
- Worked with painting, printmaking, and sculpture
- First woman to be elected to the Prussian Academy of Arts and to receive honorary professor status
- Work was inspired by pro-war propaganda
- Wanted to show the horrors of war to combat pro-war sentiment
War
- A series of seven woodcuts created by Kathe Kollwitz between 1921 and 1922
- Show the perspective of women in war
The Widow II
- Woodcut by Kathe Kollwitz, part of the War series
The Sacrifice
- Woodcut by Kathe Kollwitz, part of the War series
The Widow I
- Woodcut by Kathe Kollwitz, part of the War series
The Parents
- Woodcut by Kathe Kollwitz, part of the War series
The Volunteers
- Woodcut by Kathe Kollwitz, part of the War series
- Depicts a group of young men, led by "Death," joining the war effort.
African Art
- Highly stylized but vivid
- Influenced Cubism
Cezanne
- Late works influenced Cubism
- Used different viewpoints
- Emphasized the flatness of painting and its two-dimensional nature
Breakfast Table
- Created by Juan Gris in 1914
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
- Picasso's first masterpiece
- Depicts five naked women with figures composed in flat, triangular shapes
- Influenced by Iberian sculpture and African masks
- Moved away from traditional European painting towards Primitivism
- Two-dimensional technique led to Cubism
Influences on Cubism
- Romanesque Catalan frescoes
- Iberian sculpture
- African sculpture
Cubism
- Influenced by "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon"
- Had a major influence on 20th-century art in architecture, sculpture, painting, typography, and furniture design
Robert Delauney
- Artist
- Created "Eiffel Tower," 1914
Umberto Boccioni
- Artist
- Created "Dynamism of a Soccer Player," 1913
Fernand Leger
- Artist
- Created "Soldier with Pipe," 1916
Futurism
- Art movement from Milan, Italy
- Existed from 1909 to 1914
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
- Created the First Futurist Manifesto in 1909 and published it in Le Figaro newspaper.
- Felt Italy was too inhibited by its past and needed to be brought in line with modern life
- Aims in the manifesto were to bring Italy in line with modern life and to create a plan for cultural development
- Believed the world needed to be invigorated with the beauty of speed
First Futurist Manifesto
- Written by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and made public in 1909
Futurism
- A movement that began as a literary movement in Italy in 1909, but later included visual arts, film, theatre, music and architecture.
- Ended at WW1.
- Saw the future as a glorious age, made possible by machines and manufactured products.
- Glorified the future, the machine, speed and power.
- Focus on effects of movement and noise.
- Artists had a socio-political agenda.
- Published numerous manifestos.
Prominent Points in the First Futurist Manifesto
- "We will glorify war - the only true hygiene of the world!"
- "When called a madman, bear the title with prideful dignity."
- "We will sing the great masses agitated by work, pleasure and revolt."
- "The splendor of the world has been enriched by a new kind of beauty, the beauty of speed."
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