Circulatory system

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between positive and negative blood types?

  • Higher platelet count in positive blood types
  • Presence of Rh protein in positive blood types (correct)
  • Lack of antibodies in negative blood types
  • Absence of leukocytes in negative blood types

Which leukocyte type is known for being phagocytic specialists and going through NETosis to kill nearby bacteria?

  • Basophils
  • Monocytes
  • Eosinophils
  • Neutrophils (correct)

What is the main function of eosinophils in the immune system?

  • Attach to cells and secrete substances to kill them during allergic reaction (correct)
  • Directly destroy target cells
  • Produce antibodies
  • Kill bacteria using NETosis

Which blood cell type synthesizes and stores histamines and heparin?

<p>Basophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of lymphocytes in the immune system?

<p>Produce antibodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell fragments are shed from megakaryocytes to help in blood clotting?

<p>Thrombocytes (platelets) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during NETosis in neutrophils?

<p>Release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are B and T lymphocytes responsible for in the immune response?

<p><strong>Producing antibodies</strong> and directly destroying target cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thrombopoietin in the process of platelet production?

<p>Increase the number of megakaryocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plasma protein adheres to exposed collagen to initiate clot formation?

<p>vWf (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin during clot formation?

<p>Thrombin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strengthens and stabilizes the meshwork of fibrin in clot formation?

<p>Factor XIII (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for dissolving the clot?

<p>Plasmin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during clot retraction in the process of hemostasis?

<p>Platelets contract and shrink, causing the mesh to also shrink (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does factor X play in the coagulation cascade?

<p>Converts prothrombin into thrombin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor of plasmin that is responsible for dissolving clots?

<p>Plasminogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus for promoting erythropoiesis?

<p>Erythropoietin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of renal anaemia?

<p>Kidney disease affecting erythropoietin production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anaemia is characterized by an excess of erythrocytes?

<p>Polycythaemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person with blood type O receives a blood transfusion of blood type A?

<p>Agglutination and rupture of RBCs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type can be transfused into people with any blood type?

<p>Type O (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of sickle cell disease?

<p>Inability to carry oxygen due to sickled RBCs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when Rh-positive blood is transfused into an Rh-negative individual?

<p>Agglutination and rupture of RBCs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ABO blood types from each other?

<p>Antigens on the surface of RBCs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for secreting erythropoietin to stimulate erythropoiesis?

<p>Kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme converts CO2 into HCO3- for transport in erythrocytes?

<p>Carbonic anhydrase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are responsible for the removal of old erythrocytes in the body?

<p>Macrophages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component of plasma contributes to colloid osmotic pressure?

<p>Albumins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stem cell gives rise to erythroblasts during the development of erythrocytes?

<p>Myeloid stem cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is essential for the formation of a fibrin meshwork in clots?

<p>Fibrinogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone controls the magnitude of erythropoiesis by regulating erythropoietin release?

<p>Erythropoietin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a free-floating clot?

<p>Embolus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is excessive bleeding observed due to a deficiency in clotting factors?

<p>Hemophilia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the flow of blood through a vessel?

<p>Vascular resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the friction between fluid molecules as they slide over each other?

<p>Viscosity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the condition where there is an excess of red blood cells in the circulation?

<p>Polycythemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a decrease in blood flow through a vessel as mentioned in the text?

<p>Increased viscosity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results from an insufficient number of red blood cells or hemoglobin?

<p>Anemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called in which neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps to kill nearby bacteria?

<p>NETosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of eosinophils in the immune system?

<p>Eosinophils attach to cells and secrete substances to kill them, particularly in allergic conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do basophils and mast cells synthesize and store that play a role in inflammatory responses?

<p>Histamines and heparin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do monocytes develop into as they continue to mature?

<p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are responsible for shedding cell fragments known as platelets or thrombocytes?

<p>Megakaryocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of stopping bleeding through blood clot formation?

<p>Haemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the precursor molecule that is responsible for dissolving clots in the body?

<p>Plasmin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a crucial role in the coagulation cascade by activating prothrombin to thrombin?

<p>Factor X</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone regulates the production of platelets by stimulating the proliferation of megakaryocytes?

<p>Thrombopoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fibres made of chromatin and antimicrobial proteins released by neutrophils during NETosis?

<p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Basophils synthesize and store histamines and insulin.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During NETosis, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps to kill nearby bacteria.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Platelets are responsible for secreting antibodies in the immune system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monocytes become professional phagocytes as they mature.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lymphocytes directly destroy target cells in the immune system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Related Documents

Circulatory system.docx

More Like This

Hemostasis and Edema Overview
46 questions

Hemostasis and Edema Overview

WellIntentionedBixbite8782 avatar
WellIntentionedBixbite8782
Platelet Formation and Function
20 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser