Hemostasis and Blood Clotting Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of primary platelet adhesion receptors?

To dissolve clots
To prevent platelet aggregation
To initiate clot formation
To promote platelet adhesion

What is the role of fibrin in the formation of a stable clot?

Inhibiting coagulation factors
Creating a protein mesh (correct)
Activating platelets
Dissolving the clot

What term describes the process of platelets sticking to the exposed collagen at the site of injury in hemostasis?

Aggregation
Exposure
Adhesion (correct)
Activation

What would be the consequence of impaired hemostasis in the body?

Increased risk of uncontrolled bleeding (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the elastic fibers in the blood vessel?

To give the blood vessel the ability to expand and contract (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is released by endothelial cells during primary hemostasis?

Von Willebrand factor, tissue factor, prostacyclin, nitric oxide (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does platelet activation stop during primary hemostasis?

Platelet aggregation; stops due to clot retraction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thrombin in hemostasis?

It activates the coagulation cascade (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of prostaglandin and nitric oxide in the platelet process?

Inhibit platelets (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ADP and thromboxane A2 in platelet activation?

Activate platelets (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when platelets express GPIIB/IIIA?

They are considered fully activated (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which blood protein acts like handcuffs linking platelets together during hemostasis?

Fibrinogen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the process of platelet activation?

Aggregation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of GPIIB/IIIA receptors on platelets?

To link platelets together (B) Signup and view all the answers

What limits the positive feedback loop of platelet activation to the injury site?

Prostaglandin and nitric oxide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of platelet plug formation in hemostasis?

To prevent further blood loss from a damaged vessel (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antithrombin III in the coagulation process?

Inhibits thrombin activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of plasmin in the fibrinolytic system?

Degrades fibrin clots (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the blood vessel is responsible for the structural integrity and protection of the vessel?

Collagen in the connective tissue (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the smooth muscle cells contract in a blood vessel?

The lumen size decreases (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X?

Vitamin K (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of collagen in the blood vessel structure?

To provide structural support and protection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Von Willebrand factor in the process of haemostasis?

Promotes platelet adhesion to damaged endothelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for blood vessels to have the ability to expand and contract?

To regulate blood flow and pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a natural anticoagulant produced by the body?

Antithrombin III (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels during injury?

To trigger a reflexive contraction near the injury site (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thromboxane A2 in platelet aggregation?

Stimulates platelet aggregation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of endothelial cells in blood vessels?

To secrete nitric oxide and prostaglandins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for converting fibrinogen to fibrin in the coagulation cascade?

Thrombin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a vascular spasm in response to an arterial injury?

To decrease blood flow to the injured area (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do nitric oxide and prostaglandins affect smooth muscles in blood vessels?

Cause relaxation of nearby smooth muscles (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the coagulation cascade?

Thromboxane A2 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of platelets in hemostasis?

To aggregate and form a plug at the site of injury (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the protein mesh made of fibrin in hemostasis?

To reinforce the platelet plug (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of collagen fibers in hemostasis?

To reinforce the platelet plug and protect the vessel (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels?

To anchor the vessel to surrounding tissues (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is secondary hemostasis necessary?

To further reinforce the platelet plug (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibrinogen in hemostasis?

To form a protein mesh by being cleaved into fibrin (D) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Hemostasis

Promotes fibrinolysis through platelet activation
Primary platelet adhesion receptors promote platelet adhesion
Fibrin forms a protein mesh to create a stable clot
Platelet adhesion to collagen is a key step in hemostasis
Endothelial cells secrete Von Willebrand factor, tissue factor, prostacyclin, and nitric oxide

Coagulation Cascade

Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin by thrombin
Factor VIII, X, and Protein C are components of the coagulation cascade
Thromboxane A2 stimulates platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

Blood Vessels

Elastic fibers allow blood vessels to expand and contract
Smooth muscle cells trigger reflexive contraction near the injury site
Endothelial cells detect injuries and trigger vascular spasms
Collagen provides structural support and protection to blood vessels

Platelet Activation

ADP and thromboxane A2 activate platelets
Prostaglandin and nitric oxide inhibit platelet activation
GPIIB/IIIA receptors on platelets link platelets together
Platelet plug formation prevents further blood loss from a damaged vessel

Fibrinolysis

Plasmin degrades fibrin clots
Antithrombin III inhibits thrombin activity
Fibrinolysis is essential for clot dissolution

Vitamin and Hormone Functions

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X
Prostacyclin and nitric oxide cause relaxation of smooth muscles
Thromboxane A2 stimulates platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

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