Questions and Answers
What is the MCC of shock in trauma?
hypovolemia secondary to hemorrhage
At what hemorrhagic class does blood pressure start to decrease?
Class III
What is the treatment for hypovolemic shock secondary to hemorrhage?
stop the bleeding and give lactated ringers
What is the volume of blood lost in a Class I hemorrhage?
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Class II hemorrhage pulse pressure is _____
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What will the capillary refill delay be in Class II hemorrhage?
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What is the volume of blood lost in a Class III hemorrhage?
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What are the characteristics of Class III hemorrhage?
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What is the treatment for Class III hemorrhage?
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What is the volume of blood lost in a Class IV hemorrhage?
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Which classification of hemorrhage is immediately life-threatening?
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What are the characteristics of Class IV hemorrhage?
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What is the treatment for Class IV hemorrhage?
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Study Notes
Hemorrhage Classifications in Trauma
- Common Cause of Shock: Hypovolemia secondary to hemorrhage is the leading cause of shock in trauma patients.
Hemorrhage Classifications
-
Class I Hemorrhage:
- Blood loss: Approximately 500 mL or 15% of total blood volume
- Heart Rate (HR): Up to 100 bpm
- Blood Pressure (BP): Typically normal
- Urine Output (UOP): Decreased (20-30 mL/hour)
- Symptoms: Mild anxiety
-
Class II Hemorrhage:
- Blood loss: 1000-1500 mL or 20-30% of total blood volume
- Pulse pressure: Decreased
- Capillary refill delay: More than 2 seconds
-
Class III Hemorrhage:
- Blood loss: 1500-2000 mL or 30-40% of total blood volume
- HR: Greater than 120 bpm
- BP: Decreased
- Respiratory Rate (RR): 30-40 breaths per minute
- UOP: Decreased (5-15 mL/hour)
- Symptoms: Very anxious, confused, capillary refill delay greater than 2 seconds
- Treatment: Crystalloid solutions and/or blood products
-
Class IV Hemorrhage:
- Blood loss: More than 2000 mL or more than 40% of total blood volume
- HR: Exceeding 140 bpm
- RR: Greater than 35 breaths per minute
- Pulse pressure: May be immeasurable
- UOP: Negligible
- Symptoms: Confused, lethargic, prolonged capillary refill
- Treatment: Crystalloid solutions or blood products
Key Intervention
- Treatment for Hypovolemic Shock: Priority is to stop the bleeding followed by the administration of Lactated Ringer’s solution to restore fluid balance.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the classifications of hemorrhage related to trauma injuries. It covers essential concepts such as shock types, blood loss percentages, and treatment protocols. Test your knowledge on hypovolemia and its management in emergency situations.
