30 Questions
What is a distinct characteristic of all WBCs?
They have a nucleus
What is the main role of neutrophils in the body?
To phagocytose foreign particles
What is the typical shape of the nucleus in basophils?
S-shaped
What is a function of eosinophils?
To detoxify foreign proteins
What is the percentage of neutrophils in the blood?
50-70%
What is the function of monocytes after they migrate to tissues?
To phagocytose foreign particles
What is a primary function of basophils in the body?
To contain histamine and cause inflammation
Where do the majority of lymphocytes originate from?
Lymph node, thymus, and spleen
What is the primary function of granulocytes and monocytes in the body?
To ingest invading organisms by phagocytosis
What is a characteristic of lymphocytes in the body?
They have a life span of weeks, months or years
What is a unique feature of monocytes in the body?
They are the largest cell in the body
What is the process by which WBCs move through tissues?
Ameboid motion
What is the name of the disease that affects newborns, in which antibodies from the mother destroy red cells in the baby?
Erythroblastosis fetalis
What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell in the circulatory system?
120 days
What is the main function of the cytoplasmic enzymes in red blood cells?
To maintain the cell membrane and membrane transport
What is the shape of an erythrocyte?
Biconcave disc
What is the main component of erythrocytes?
95% of the elements
What is the result of the decrease in metabolic activity of red blood cells with time?
They become more rigid and fragile
What percentage of people in the studied group have the O blood type?
47%
What is the major difference between the O-A-B system and the Rh system?
In the O-A-B system, spontaneous agglutinins occur, whereas in the Rh system, they almost never occur
What happens to an Rh -ve person if they receive Rh +ve blood by mistake?
Antibodies will be formed, but only after a second transfusion
Why are Rh -ve people susceptible to a transfusion reaction?
Because they have not been previously exposed to the Rh antigen
What is the function of agglutinins in the Rh system?
To cause transfusion reactions
What is the term for the antigen present on RBCs?
D antigen
What is the first step in the clotting process?
Rupture of the vessel or damage to the blood
What is the role of ionic Ca++ in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?
It is necessary for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What is the final product of the clotting process?
Fibrin fibers
What is the role of thrombin in the clotting process?
It catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin fibers
What can lead to the initiation of clotting?
Trauma to the vascular wall and adjacent tissues
What is the function of prothrombin activator?
It causes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
This quiz covers the causes of hemolysis of red blood cells, including drug poisoning, hereditary diseases, and erythroblastosis fetalis. It also touches on thalassemia, also known as Cooley's anemia or Mediterranean anemia.
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