Hemoglobin Synthesis and Functions Quiz

Red Blood Cell Function

• The primary function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and return carbon dioxide from tissues back to the lungs.

Dominant Hemoglobin Type

• After 3–6 months of age, the dominant hemoglobin in blood is hemoglobin A (Hb A), which is crucial for efficient oxygen transport.

Composition of Adult Hemoglobin

• Normal adult hemoglobin A (Hb A) is composed of four polypeptide chains, specifically two alpha chains and two beta chains.

Key Enzyme for Hemoglobin Synthesis

• The key rate-limiting enzyme for hem synthesis is porphobilinogen deaminase, essential for the production of heme groups.

Coenzyme for Hem Synthesis

• The synthesis of heme requires the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate, which is derived from vitamin B6.

Iron in Heme Formation

• Iron combines with protoporphyrin IX to form heme, which is vital for the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport.

Variant Hemoglobin with Sulfur

• Hemoglobin S (Hb S) is a variant form of normal hemoglobin that contains sulfur and is primarily associated with sickle cell disease.

Function of Variant Hemoglobins

• The main function of variant forms of normal hemoglobin, such as Hb S, is to supply oxygen, although they may lead to structural changes that can impair red blood cell function and oxygen delivery.

Test your knowledge on hemoglobin synthesis and its main function in red blood cells. Understand the structure of normal adult hemoglobin A and its role in gaseous exchange within the body.