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Hemoglobin F Test

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which IgM antibodies cause cold-reactive immune hemolytic anemia?

They bind to cells at the cooler temperature of the extremities and dissociate from the cell surface

They bind to cells at warmer temperatures and fix complement

They bind to cells at the warmer temperature of the central circulation and fix complement

They bind to cells at the cooler temperature of the extremities and fix complement (correct)

What is the typical age range of individuals affected by primary cold agglutinin disease?

40-60 years

20-40 years

70 years and above (correct)

60-70 years

What is the primary cause of secondary cold agglutinin disease?

Genetic mutations

Underlying disorders such as cancer and autoimmune diseases

Infections such as Mycoplasma pneumonia and Epstein-Barr virus (correct)

Unknown causes

What is the typical duration of secondary cold agglutinin disease?

Weeks (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical effect of cold temperatures on the anemia associated with primary cold agglutinin disease?

It worsens the anemia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of agglutination in primary cold agglutinin disease?

Fingers, toes, nose, and ears (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical gender distribution of primary cold agglutinin disease?

More common in women than men (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the complement components on the cell surface?

They cause hemolysis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary cold agglutinin disease?

The underlying cause (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical course of primary cold agglutinin disease?

Chronic and ongoing (C) Signup and view all the answers