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Questions and Answers
What chemical is used in the Sahli method to convert blood hemoglobin to hematin?
What chemical is used in the Sahli method to convert blood hemoglobin to hematin?
What does the intensity of the color in the Sahli method indicate?
What does the intensity of the color in the Sahli method indicate?
How much hydrochloric acid should be placed in the Sahli tube for the procedure?
How much hydrochloric acid should be placed in the Sahli tube for the procedure?
What is one reason the Sahli method is noted for its ease of use?
What is one reason the Sahli method is noted for its ease of use?
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What should be done after mixing the blood with hydrochloric acid in the Sahli method?
What should be done after mixing the blood with hydrochloric acid in the Sahli method?
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In the Sahli method, what is the purpose of adding deionized water drop by drop?
In the Sahli method, what is the purpose of adding deionized water drop by drop?
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What is a disadvantage of using the Sahli method for hemoglobin analysis?
What is a disadvantage of using the Sahli method for hemoglobin analysis?
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What must be avoided when using the hemometer to draw the blood sample?
What must be avoided when using the hemometer to draw the blood sample?
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Which type of hemoglobin characteristic is addressed in the Sahli method?
Which type of hemoglobin characteristic is addressed in the Sahli method?
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What is the main purpose of the Sahli kit in blood analysis?
What is the main purpose of the Sahli kit in blood analysis?
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What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the blood?
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the blood?
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What is the normal hemoglobin concentration range for pregnant women?
What is the normal hemoglobin concentration range for pregnant women?
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In which hemoglobin structure are beta chains replaced by delta chains?
In which hemoglobin structure are beta chains replaced by delta chains?
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Which of the following methods cannot measure all types of hemoglobin?
Which of the following methods cannot measure all types of hemoglobin?
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What percentage of hemoglobin in normal adults is HbA2?
What percentage of hemoglobin in normal adults is HbA2?
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What happens to fetal hemoglobin after birth?
What happens to fetal hemoglobin after birth?
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Which of the following is a cause for an increase in hemoglobin concentration?
Which of the following is a cause for an increase in hemoglobin concentration?
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Which component of hemoglobin constitutes 4% of its structure?
Which component of hemoglobin constitutes 4% of its structure?
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What is the main disadvantage of using Sahli's method for hemoglobin estimation?
What is the main disadvantage of using Sahli's method for hemoglobin estimation?
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Which part of the hemoglobin molecule is responsible for oxygen binding?
Which part of the hemoglobin molecule is responsible for oxygen binding?
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Study Notes
Hemoglobin Estimation
- Hemoglobin (Hb) is the main component of red blood cells (RBCs), giving blood its red color.
- Normal Hb levels vary by gender and age:
- Women: 12-16 g/dL
- Men: 13-18 g/dL
- Children: 11-16 g/dL
- Pregnant women: 11-12 g/dL
- Hb is composed of two parts:
- Heme (4%): Iron-containing pigment
- Globin (96%): Protein
- Hemoglobin has four heme groups, each attached to a protein chain. Two pairs of polypeptide chains form a hemoglobin molecule.
- Normal adult hemoglobin (HbA) is made up of two alpha (α) chains and two beta (β) chains.
- Fetal hemoglobin (HbF), found in the blood of a fetus, has gamma (γ) chains instead of beta chains.
- Hb functions include oxygen transportation from lungs to tissues, carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs, and blood pH regulation.
- Methods for Hb measurement include:
- Colorimetric (based on color)
- Physical (based on specific gravity)
- Chemical (based on iron content)
- Gasometric (based on oxygen combining capacity)
- Sahli's method (acid hematin method) is a traditional technique to estimate Hb levels in blood.
- Advantages:
- Cheap and readily available reagents and apparatus
- Easy to use and perform
- Quick results
- Does not require electricity
- Disadvantages:
- Cannot measure all hemoglobin types
- Not suitable for detailed analysis
- Uses hydrochloric acid (HCl) - chemical hazard
- Less precise compared to automated methods
- Advantages:
Hemoglobin Structure
- Hb is composed of four polypeptide chains, each with a heme group.
- Each heme group contains an iron atom, which binds to oxygen.
- The different types of hemoglobin are distinguished by the specific polypeptide chains they contain.
Principle of Sahli's Method
- Blood hemoglobin (Hb) is converted to a brownish hematin compound using hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- The intensity of the resulting hematin color is proportional to the Hb concentration.
- Hb concentration is determined by comparing the color of the sample with a standard color solution.
Sahli's Method Procedure
- Add a specific amount of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to a graduated tube.
- Add a specific amount of blood to the tube.
- Mix the blood and HCl.
- Allow the mixture to stand for a specified time.
- Add distilled water (DW) drop by drop to the tube until the color matches a standard solution color.
- The Hb concentration is determined based on the amount of DW added.
Significance of Hb Estimation
- Low Hb levels (anemia) indicate a deficiency in oxygen-carrying capacity.
- High Hb levels may result from conditions like hypoxic states, increased erythropoietin secretion, or polycythemia vera.
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Description
Test your knowledge on hemoglobin estimation, its composition, and functions. This quiz covers normal hemoglobin levels, types of hemoglobin, and various measurement methods. Perfect for students in biology or healthcare fields.
