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Questions and Answers
The Levey-Jennings Diagram displays scattered values for inaccurate and imprecise data.
False
Expired controls or reagents can cause a trend in the measurements.
True
A sudden shift in values indicates a change in the instrument's calibration.
False
Imprecise data is characterized by values that are far from the target value.
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Verifying the instrument's calibration is part of preventative maintenance.
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A trend in the measurements is always caused by an instrument drift.
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Accurate data is characterized by values that are close to the target value.
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A shift in values can be caused by a change in the laboratory environment.
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Hematology analyzers do not require quality control to ensure valid patient results.
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Instrument manufacturers typically supply hematology controls with only one level designed to resemble patient samples.
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Quality control in hematology is only necessary for accreditation purposes.
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The main purpose of internal QC is to monitor the analytical process only.
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Accuracy and precision are interchangeable terms in hematology controls.
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Hematology controls cover only a few blood parameters.
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Quality control samples are only used for five-part differential analysis.
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Internal QC is not necessary for laboratories to establish their own QC program.
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Study Notes
Importance of Quality Control in Hematology
- Hematology controls ensure precise and accurate patient results, meeting accreditation requirements
- Daily measurement of quality control samples is obligatory for intra-instrument quality control
Types of Hematology Controls
- Controls with assayed values for three-part and five-part differential analysis as well as erythrocyte sedimentation controls are available
- They cover multiple blood parameters, including erythrocytes, platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and many more
Purposes of Internal Quality Control (QC)
- Monitoring of the analytical process
- Detection of errors due to system failure, adverse environmental conditions, or operator performance
- Monitoring of long-term test performance
- Providing proof of adequate long-term quality level and complying with regulatory requirements
Accuracy and Precision in Hematology Controls
- Accuracy refers to the ability to achieve the right result
- Precision refers to the ability to achieve the same result over and over again
- Four possible scenarios can occur with hematology controls: accurate and precise, not accurate and precise, not accurate but precise, and accurate but not precise
Scenarios of Accuracy and Precision
1. Accurate and Precise
- Ideal scenario with accurate and precise values
- Levey-Jennings Diagram shows a constant line around the mean
2. Not Accurate and Precise (Trend)
- Neither accurate nor precise values
- Levey-Jennings curve shows a trend, indicating a drift of the instrument
- Possible causes: incorrect use of controls or reagents, expired materials, approaching calibration date, or need for preventative maintenance
3. Not Accurate but Precise (Shift)
- Sudden shift in values
- Precise measurements but not accurate
- Possible causes: part change, reagent lot number change, or environmental changes
4. Accurate but Not Precise (Imprecision)
- Accurate mean value but varying measurements
- Several conditions can cause imprecision
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Description
Learn about the importance of quality control in hematology, including types of controls and their role in ensuring accurate patient results.
