Hematology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of regulation in the body?

  • Regulating pH levels in the bloodstream
  • Facilitating nerve conduction
  • Maintaining optimal ECF osmotic pressure (correct)
  • Stabilizing body temperature

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of faulty regulation?

  • Enhanced immune response (correct)
  • Fever
  • Dehydration
  • Acidosis

What is the primary site of regulation in the body?

  • Spleen
  • Kidneys (correct)
  • Brain
  • Liver

Which of the following is a direct consequence of regulation of body temperature?

<p>Increased sweat production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the renal system in relation to regulation?

<p>Maintaining optimal ECF pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of blood?

<p>Connective tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of blood?

<p>Plasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of blood and blood disorders?

<p>Hematology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the edited volume?

<p>Hematology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the editor of the volume 'Hematology'?

<p>Hasan Hamid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the cellular elements in the connective tissue?

<p>Formed elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the platelets in the blood?

<p>To aid in blood clotting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the non-cellular component of the connective tissue?

<p>Extracellular matrix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the white blood cells?

<p>To fight infections and diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues?

<p>Red blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the transport system in the human body?

<p>To transport essential substances throughout the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT transported throughout the body?

<p>Vitamins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the transport system and buffer systems?

<p>Buffer systems rely on the transport system to function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a secondary function of the transport system?

<p>Regulating body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the transport system's functioning?

<p>Heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of blood in adult males?

<p>5-6 liters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the freezing point of blood?

<p>0.50°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of blood?

<p>7.35-7.45 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature of blood?

<p>38°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adult body weight is constituted by blood?

<p>8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you describe the texture of blood?

<p>Sticky and metallic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of oxygen-rich blood?

<p>Bright red (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of blood in adult females?

<p>4-5 liters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Blood Composition

  • Blood is a connective tissue made up of cellular elements and an extracellular matrix.
  • The cellular elements, also known as the formed elements, include:
    • Red blood cells (RBCs)
    • White blood cells (WBCs)
    • Platelets (cell fragments)

Blood Characteristics

  • Blood is denser and thicker than water.
  • It has a sticky and metallic texture.
  • Its freezing point is 0.50°C.
  • Blood can be classified as:
    • Bright red (O2-rich)
    • Dull red (O2-poor)
  • The pH of blood ranges from 7.35 to 7.45.
  • The normal temperature of blood is 38°C.
  • Blood constitutes approximately 8% of an adult's body weight.

Blood Volume

  • Adult males typically have 5-6 liters of blood.
  • Females typically have 4-5 liters of blood.

Functions of Blood

  • Transportation:
    • Oxygen (O2)
    • Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    • Nutrients
    • Hormones
    • Waste products
    • Heat
  • Regulation:
    • Body temperature
    • ECF pH
    • Osmotic pressure
    • Buffer systems
    • Respiratory regulation
    • Renal function

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