Hematology Lecture 1: Introduction to Blood

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What is the primary function of leukocytes or WBCs in the protection function of blood?

Regulating body temperature

Transferring water to and from tissues

Initiating blood clotting and minimizing blood loss

Destroying invading microorganisms and cancer cells (correct)

What is the approximate volume of blood in an average adult?

3 liters

7 liters

10 liters

5 liters (correct)

What is the function of platelet factors in the protection function of blood?

Initiating blood clotting and minimizing blood loss (correct)

Transferring water to and from tissues

Destroying pathogenic substances

Regulating body temperature

What is the main component of blood that contains proteins, enzymes, nutrients, waste, hormones, electrolytes, and gases?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of blood in regulating pH levels?

Interacting with acids and bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the blood cells and platelets in the formed elements of blood?

Enclosed in plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of plasma to cellular elements in a healthy individual?

55% plasma to 45% cellular elements Signup and view all the answers

During the middle trimester of gestation, which organ is the main site for production of red blood cells?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of all types of blood cells?

Hemopoiesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a deficiency of red blood cells?

Anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of blood loss anemia?

Chronic blood disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the loss of function of bone marrow?

Bone marrow aplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in the average number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter between men and women?

Men have 0.7 million more red blood cells than women Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of albumin in blood plasma?

To maintain osmotic balance Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of gamma globulins in blood plasma?

To produce immunoglobulins Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of hemoglobin in every 100 ml of red blood cells?

34% Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fibrinogen in blood plasma?

To stop bleeding by clotting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of erythroblastosis fetalis?

Antibodies from the mother destroying red cells in the baby Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cytoplasmic enzymes in red blood cells?

Metabolizing glucose and forming ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the deficiency of polypeptide chain in thalassemia?

Decreased concentration of hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells in the circulatory system?

120 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in maintaining red blood cell function?

Supporting the transport of ions across the cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the deterioration of red blood cell metabolic systems over time?

Increased fragility of the red blood cells Signup and view all the answers