26 Questions
What is the core concept of Solution Focused Brief Therapy?
Utilization of client's strengths to generate change
What is the primary goal of a therapist in Collaborative Therapy?
To understand the client's perspective and facilitate dialogue
What is the purpose of 'Re-authoring' in Narrative Therapy?
To empower clients to tell their own story
What is the primary focus of Solution Focused Brief Therapy?
Focusing on client's needs and personality
What is the role of the therapist in Brief Therapy?
To recover the client's resources and skills
What is the main idea of Narrative Therapy?
To understand people's stories and their problems
According to the Hill's Three-stage model, which stage is based on psychoanalytic therapy?
Insight
What is the primary goal of the exploration stage in the helping process?
Establishing a therapeutic relationship
In the action stage of the helping process, which approach focuses on behaviors rather than unconscious motivations?
Behavioral therapy
What is the primary goal of descriptive conceptualization in therapy?
Gathering detailed information about the client's situation
Which systemic therapy model focuses on the organization of the family and its potential causes of distress?
Structural therapy
What is the primary goal of the Milan systemic therapy model?
Changing the family's organization and rules
In the strategic therapy model, what is the primary role of the therapist?
Expert and directive
What is the primary focus of the problem-focused approach in brief therapy?
Creating small changes to solve the problem
What is the primary goal of goal-setting in therapy?
Setting specific, measurable, and achievable goals
What is the primary principle of collaborative empiricism in therapy?
Examining the client's experiences collaboratively
What is the primary goal of psychoanalytic therapy?
To make the patient's unconscious conscious
According to Prochaska's stages of change, what is the first stage of the therapeutic process?
Precontemplation
What is the primary focus of humanistic therapy?
Self-realization and individuality
What is the primary goal of brief therapy models?
To solve the patient's problem quickly
What is the primary focus of narrative therapy?
The patient's discourses and narratives
What is the primary goal of systemic therapy models?
To understand the patient's position within different systems
What is the primary goal of CBT?
To change the patient's internal dialogue
What is the primary goal of DBT?
To change the patient's dialectical thinking
What is the primary goal of solution-focused therapy?
To solve the patient's problem quickly
What is the primary goal of Milanese therapy?
To resolve misunderstandings
Study Notes
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
- Focus on client's strengths and resources to generate change
- Utilize client's attitude and language to foster change
- Core concepts:
- Utilization: using client's strengths to generate change
- One-down: help me understand you
- One-up: I'm in control of the process
- Rituals: forcing change through ordeals
- Directives: homework
- Reframing of negative behavior
- Restraining: change must be done slowly
- Positive connotations: change must be desirable
- Shazer, Berg, and Weiner's solution-focused brief therapy model
Collaborative Therapy
- Egalitarian relationship between therapist and client
- Useful for reaching understanding, improving communication, and resolving conflict
- Knowledge is created through dialogue and realities
- Harlene Anderson's collaborative therapy model
Narrative Therapy
- Postmodern approach
- Therapist tries to understand people and their stories, along with their problems
- Understanding stories: based on their own interpretation of reality
- Dominant stories: stories that shape a person's life and society
- Multiple stories
- Interventions:
- Re-authoring: telling your own story from your perspective and finding purpose
- Externalization: putting problems and behaviors as external
- Deconstruction: reducing problems to their smallest significant parts
- Unique outcomes: accepting the possibility of new storylines
- Existentialist perspective: one can create their own meaning
Clinical Psychology
- Provides continuing and comprehensive mental and behavioral care for individuals
- Focus on remoralization, remediation, and rehabilitation
- The helping process:
- Theoretical foundation: goals of helping
- Hill's Three-stage model: Exploration, Insight, Action
- Facilitative conditions: empathy, compassion, collaboration
- Therapeutic relationship: real, working alliance, transference, and countertransference
- Outcome of helping for clients: remoralization, remediation, rehabilitation
Helping Process
- Overview: based on Roger's client-centered theory
- Emphasis on client's experiences, feelings, values, and inner life
- Perceptions of reality vary
- Subjective experience guides behavior
- Understand their frame of reference to understand another person
- Theory of personality development:
- Organismic valuing process: how infants evaluate their experiences
- Need for unconditional positive regard
- COWs guide a child's organization of their experience
- Defenses and reintegrations:
- Threats: differences between who I am and who I think I ought to be
- Overcome disintegration, rigidity, or discrepancies through awareness and accuracy
- Reintegration: reduces COWs, increases positive self-regard
Attending, Listening, and Observing
- Overview
- Attending: physical orientation towards clients, let them know we are paying attention
- Listening: capturing and understanding messages, overt communication, and reflection
- Observing: paying attention to overt communication in non-verbal behavior
- Cultural issues and nonverbal behaviors:
- Emblems: substitutes for words
- Illustrators: accompany speech
- Regulators: monitor conversation flow
- Adaptors: habitual acts with no purpose
Psychoanalytic and Attachment Theories
- Psychoanalytic:
- Consciousness-insight
- Defenses-difficulties
- Attachment:
- Reducing anxiety turns into safe exploration
- Early relationships
- Defenses
- Therapeutic relationship
- Insight
Action Stage
- Considers Prochaska's model for change
- Changes can be thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
- Acting is crucial for consolidating new thinking patterns
- Behavioral and cognitive theories:
- Focus on behaviors rather than unconscious motivations
- What maintains symptoms rather than what causes them
- Behaviors are learned
- Emphasis on the present
- Importance on specific and clearly defined goals
Systemic, Brief, and Postmodern Therapeutic Models
- Structural model:
- Minuchin's model
- Families and young people
- Works with general system theory, applied to social behavior
- Milan model:
- Palazzoli, Boscolo, Cecchin, and Prata
- Family problems are there to maintain homeostasis and are supported by interactional patterns
- Strategic/interactional models:
- Problem-centered and solution-focused
- Interested in creating change in behavior
- Related to Erickson's strategic therapy and the MRI of Palo Alto
This quiz assesses your understanding of the helping process, including the three-stage model, facilitative conditions, and the skills required to be an effective helper. Topics covered include empathy, compassion, and collaboration, as well as the theoretical foundations of helping. Test your knowledge of the helping skills and facilitative conditions!
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