Questions and Answers
What is the definition of hegemonic masculinity?
Hegemonic masculinity is the maintenance of practices that institutionalize men's dominance over women.
What are the three components of hegemonic masculinity, as outlined by Sharon Bird?
Emotional detachment, competitiveness, and the sexual objectification of women.
Why does hegemonic masculinity persist, though some males do not agree with these three components?
It persists because if men do not participate in the three components, they are considered not masculine and instead very feminine.
Being masculine means being not _____________.
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According to Schrock and Schwalbe, what is a form of collective practice?
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Also according to Schrock and Schwalbe, masculinity is not just 'a capacity to exert control' but also to...?
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What is gender normativity?
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What is gender policing?
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Why is the homophobic taunting of a man actually a sexist ideology against women?
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In looking at the rise in popularity of 'multiculti' action narratives, what other genre histories does Mary Beltran consider?
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How do contemporary action films reflect a shift in U.S. ethnic demographics?
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The key to survival in multicultural action narratives is __________________.
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According to Beltran, is The Fast and the Furious white-centric? If so, why?
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What is racebending in relation to Hollywood films, and why is it problematic?
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With what novel did the popularization of the term 'chick lit' begin?
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What genre do chick flicks belong to?
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During the Production Code-era screwball comedies of the 1930s, what replaced images and scenarios of sex?
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What are the differences between feminism and postfeminism?
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What is hegemonic feminism?
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According to Brasfield, what are two ways in which Sex and the City maintains a hegemonic feminist discourse?
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What are ethnocentric storylines?
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According to Marcia Yudkin, what are the three levels of identity?
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What are the myths surrounding bisexuality and the purpose these myths serve?
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What is the ideological purpose of the American Dream?
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What constitutes merit in a world of meritocracy?
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What are some setbacks to the following types of merit?
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According to the culture of poverty, why are people poor?
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If you have to worry about where your next paycheck or meal is coming from, you are forced to be ____________-oriented.
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What is social gravity?
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What are some non-merit barriers to success?
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What is the Cinderella myth part of upward mobility narratives?
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For author Winn, how does Working Girl specifically critique the upper class?
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How does Working Girl side-step patriarchal and structural barriers to success?
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For author Garnets, what are the four central issues to consider in relation to discussions on sexual orientation?
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What are the old paradigms of conceptualizing sexual orientation?
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What are the new paradigms of conceptualizing sexual orientation?
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What is the single-most factor in determining one's sexuality?
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What types of relationships do women have versus the types of relationships men have?
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What are the five converging dimensions that LGB members experience alongside other minority groups?
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What are three divergences that LGB members encounter unique issues that other minority groups do not experience?
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In the 1960s, how was the celluloid homosexual depicted, and why?
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In what year was homosexuality removed from the DSM as a 'mental illness'?
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What were the Stonewall riots of 1969, and why were they significant?
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According to Henry A. Giroux, what is the U.S. national identity connected to?
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How is the ideology of nationalism carried out?
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What are some ways in which we see new nationalism being expressed today?
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What does the phrase 'real American' imply?
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Who wrote the article: 'Welcome to the Men's Club: Homosociality and the Maintenance of Hegemonic Masculinity'?
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Who wrote the article: 'The New Hollywood Racelessness: Only the Fast, Furious, and Multicultural Will Survive'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Men, Masculinity and Manhood Acts'?
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Who wrote the article: 'White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Chick Flicks and Chick Culture'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Sex and the City: Exposing the Hegemonic Feminist Narrative'?
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Who wrote the article: 'The Meritocracy Myth'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Moralizing Upward Mobility: Investigating the Myth of Class Mobility in Working Girl'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Sexual Orientations in Perspective'?
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Who wrote the article: 'Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People'?
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Who wrote the article: 'National Identity and the Politics of Multiculturalism'?
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Study Notes
Hegemonic Masculinity
- Hegemonic masculinity maintains practices that institutionalize men's dominance over women.
- Key components include emotional detachment, competitiveness, and sexual objectification of women, all reinforcing male dominance and separation from females.
Persistence of Hegemonic Masculinity
- Hegemonic masculinity persists despite some males disagreeing because non-participation leads to perceptions of being less masculine.
Gender Norms and Policing
- Being masculine often equates to being not feminine.
- Gender normativity posits that males are inherently masculine and females inherently feminine.
- Gender policing enforces conformity to traditional gender roles, dictating how individuals should dress or act.
Sexual Orientation and Ideology
- Homophobic taunting reflects a sexist ideology that devalues women by equating male same-sex desire with femininity.
- Biased views of bisexuality perpetuate myths, such as bisexuals being indecisive or in denial about their true sexual orientation.
Multiculturalism in Media
- "Multiculti" action narratives reflect evolving U.S. demographics, showcasing diverse ethnic representation and interests.
- Cultural competence is essential for success in multicultural narratives.
- Critiques of films like The Fast and the Furious highlight a white-centric perspective.
Gender and Relationships
- Women typically maintain relationship-centered connections, while men are more recreationally or body-centered in their relationships.
- Four central issues for LGB discourse include identity conceptualization, development, intersectionality with other minority experiences, and discrimination.
Meritocracy and Social Mobility
- The American Dream suggests hard work leads to success, but merit is often influenced by social and cultural capital, discrimination, and other non-merit barriers.
- The culture of poverty suggests that values influencing poverty are passed through generations, often seen as anti-work or anti-success.
Historical Context of Sexual Orientation
- In the 1960s, media portrayals of homosexuals were negative, depicting them as villains.
- Homosexuality was removed from the DSM as a mental illness in 1973, marking a significant shift in societal views.
National Identity and Nationalism
- The U.S. national identity is tied to the myth of progress and prosperity, affecting inclusion and exclusion in the national narrative.
- Modern expressions of nationalism include backlash against multiculturalism and the promotion of singular national identities.
Key Authors and Articles
- Sharon R. Bird: "Welcome to the Men's Club: Homosociality and the Maintenance of Hegemonic Masculinity"
- Mary C. Beltran: "The New Hollywood Racelessness: Only the Fast, Furious, and Multicultural Will Survive"
- Douglas Schrock & Michael Schwalbe: "Men, Masculinity and Manhood Acts"
- Rebecca Brasfield: "Sex and the City: Exposing the Hegemonic Feminist Narrative"
- Stephen J. McNamee & Robert K. Miller Jr.: "The Meritocracy Myth"
- J. Emmett Winn: "Moralizing Upward Mobility: Investigating the Myth of Class Mobility in Working Girl"
- Linda D. Garnets: "Sexual Orientations in Perspective"
- Jack G. Shaheen: "Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People"
- Henry A. Giroux: "National Identity and the Politics of Multiculturalism"
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of hegemonic masculinity, its persistence, and its effects on gender norms and sexual orientation. It delves into how societal expectations shape male behaviors and the implications for both men and women. Additionally, it discusses gender policing and its role in reinforcing traditional gender roles.