Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of conduction?
Which of the following is an example of conduction?
- A marshmallow warming up in a microwave
- A hot air balloon rising in the air
- The sun warming the Earth
- A metal spoon heating up in a pot of hot soup (correct)
Which of the following statements about thermal energy is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about thermal energy is TRUE?
- Things that have a higher temperature always have more thermal energy.
- Thermal energy is the amount of heat something has. (correct)
- Thermal energy is the same as temperature.
- Thermal energy is measured in degrees Celsius.
What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale?
What is the freezing point of water on the Kelvin scale?
- 273 K (correct)
- 373 K
- 0 K
- 212 K
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
Which of the following is an example of thermal expansion?
Which of the following is an example of thermal expansion?
What happens to the particles in a substance when heat is added?
What happens to the particles in a substance when heat is added?
Which temperature scale is based on absolute zero?
Which temperature scale is based on absolute zero?
What type of energy transfer occurs when a person is warmed by the sun?
What type of energy transfer occurs when a person is warmed by the sun?
Which of the following is NOT an example of thermal energy converting into mechanical energy?
Which of the following is NOT an example of thermal energy converting into mechanical energy?
What is the process by which heat is transferred directly from one particle of matter to another?
What is the process by which heat is transferred directly from one particle of matter to another?
What is the name for a circular flow of warmer fluid and cooler fluid?
What is the name for a circular flow of warmer fluid and cooler fluid?
What is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter?
What is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter?
Which of the following is an insulator?
Which of the following is an insulator?
What is the process by which heat is transferred by the movement of current within a fluid?
What is the process by which heat is transferred by the movement of current within a fluid?
What is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 kelvin?
What is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 kelvin?
Flashcards
Thermal Energy
Thermal Energy
The energy of particles in matter due to their motion.
Temperature
Temperature
A measure of how hot or cold something is, indicating particle motion.
Heat
Heat
The total amount of thermal energy in an object; measured in Joules.
Conduction
Conduction
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Convection
Convection
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Radiation
Radiation
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Fahrenheit Scale
Fahrenheit Scale
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Celsius Scale
Celsius Scale
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Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
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Absolute Zero
Absolute Zero
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Specific Heat
Specific Heat
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Insulator
Insulator
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Convection Current
Convection Current
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Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Conservation of Energy
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Sweat Evaporation
Sweat Evaporation
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Study Notes
Heat vs. Temperature
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Matter and Thermal Energy: All matter is composed of vibrating particles, possessing thermal energy.
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Temperature: Measures how hot or cold something is, indicating the speed of particle movement. Measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
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Heat: Represents the total thermal energy of a substance. Measured in Joules. A larger object with more atoms has more thermal energy, even if its particles are moving at a similar speed to those of a smaller object. Heat always flows from a warmer object to a cooler object.
Temperature Scales
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Fahrenheit: Developed based on saltwater. Freezing point of water = 32°F, Boiling point of water = 212°F, Absolute zero = -460°F, Room temperature = 72°F, and Body temperature = 98°F.
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Celsius: Based on water. Freezing point of water = 0°C, Boiling point of water = 100°C, Room temperature = 22°C, and Body temperature = 37°C.
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Kelvin: Based on absolute zero (no particle movement). Absolute zero = 0 K, Freezing point of water = 273 K, Boiling point of water = 373 K.
Heat Transfer
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Conduction: Heat transfer through direct contact between particles of matter. Examples include: ironing a shirt, metal spoon in hot soup, metal pan on stove, ice melting in hand. Conductors allow easy heat transfer. Insulators resist heat transfer.
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Convection: Heat transfer through fluids (liquids and gases). Warmer particles rise, cooler particles sink, creating currents. Examples include hot air balloons, boiling water, winds, ocean currents, and microwaving food.
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Radiation: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves (radiant energy). Radiant energy from the sun heats Earth. Not all radiant energy is absorbed; some is reflected by substances like water. Examples include heat from the sun, heat lamps, and tanning beds.
Energy Conversion
- Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred. Thermal energy can be converted to mechanical energy. Examples: Internal combustion engines (cars, motorcycles, lawnmowers) and external combustion engines (steam engines).
Keeping Cool
- Sweating: Evaporation of sweat removes heat from the body, cooling it. Humid weather slows sweat evaporation, making it feel hotter.
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