Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation

Definition of Heat

• Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from one body to another due to a temperature difference.
• It is a form of kinetic energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance.

Transfer of Heat

• Heat can be transferred through three main methods:
  1. Conduction: Direct transfer of heat between particles in physical contact.
  2. Convection: Transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.
  3. Radiation: Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

Measurement of Heat

• Heat is typically measured in units of energy, such as:
  • Joules (J)
  • Calories (cal)
  • Kilocalories (kcal)
• Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance, measured in units of:
  • Celsius (°C)
  • Fahrenheit (°F)
  • Kelvin (K)

Heat Capacity

• Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance by 1°C.
• Specific heat capacity is the heat capacity of a substance per unit mass, measured in J/g°C.

Latent Heat

• Latent heat is the energy required to change the state of a substance (e.g. from solid to liquid or liquid to gas) at constant temperature.
• Latent heat of fusion is the energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid.
• Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas.

Definition and Nature of Heat

• Heat is a form of energy that is transferred due to a temperature difference between two bodies.
• It is a form of kinetic energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance.

Methods of Heat Transfer

• Conduction: direct transfer of heat between particles in physical contact.
• Convection: transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.
• Radiation: transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

Units of Measurement for Heat and Temperature

• Heat is measured in units of energy, including:
  • Joules (J)
  • Calories (cal)
  • Kilocalories (kcal)
• Temperature is measured in units of:
  • Celsius (°C)
  • Fahrenheit (°F)
  • Kelvin (K)

Heat Capacity

• Heat capacity: the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance by 1°C.
• Specific heat capacity: the heat capacity of a substance per unit mass, measured in J/g°C.

Latent Heat

• Latent heat: the energy required to change the state of a substance at constant temperature.
• Latent heat of fusion: the energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid.
• Latent heat of vaporization: the energy required to change a substance from liquid to gas.

Understanding heat transfer methods including conduction, convection, and radiation. Learn about the basics of heat energy and its transfer between substances.