Heat Transfer and Thermodynamics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the thermal efficiency of the heat engine mentioned?

  • 10%
  • 50%
  • 30% (correct)
  • 70%

    • When the pressure in a system is decreased, what happens to the boiling temperature?

  • It increases
  • It fluctuates
  • It remains constant
  • It decreases (correct)

    • Which process is NOT a characteristic of the Brayton cycle?

  • One constant volume process (correct)
  • One heat rejection process
  • Two constant pressure processes
  • Two isentropic processes

    • What is the primary cause of water leaking from a faucet in separate drops?

    <p>Surface tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of water is typically used in automobile radiators?

    <p>Soft water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about heat conduction is accurate?

    <p>It occurs in the direction of decreasing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At the critical point, what is the latent enthalpy of vaporization?

    <p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of engines are both Stirling and Ericsson classified as?

    <p>External combustion engines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure of gas as the velocity increases in a convergent section of a nozzle?

    <p>The pressure decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition at which a liquid and its vapor are indistinguishable called?

    <p>Critical point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the heat required to change a body's phase without changing its temperature?

    <p>Latent heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What thermodynamic cycle does a constant pressure gas turbine operate on?

    <p>Brayton cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a superheater in a thermodynamic system?

    <p>To exchange heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How will the boiling temperature change if the pressure in a heat reservoir decreases?

    <p>It will decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which equipment is cane juice evaporated in sugar mills?

    <p>Long vertical tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes properties that are independent of the mass of the system?

    <p>Intensive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the average pressure on a surface when there is a changing pressure condition?

    <p>It is referred to as mean effective pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fluid state is characterized by a pressure higher than saturation pressure at its temperature?

    <p>Compressed liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does radiation from flames encompass?

    <p>All of the other choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which process is heat added in an Otto engine?

    <p>Isometric process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for elements that have different atomic weights but the same atomic number?

    <p>Isotopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the choke valve in an internal combustion engine?

    <p>Controls air-gasoline mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of water is typically used to fill the automobile radiator?

    <p>Soft water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a polytropic process defined by PV=constant, what happens as the value of n approaches infinity?

    <p>The process is called isometric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is known as a measure of energy that is no longer available to perform useful work?

    <p>Absolute entropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law states that a body radiates heat proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature?

    <p>Stefan-Boltzmann law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a thermal radiator?

    <p>To transfer heat with or without a medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What temperature corresponds to the solid-liquid equilibrium of Antimony?

    <p>630.5°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a unit of the rate of heat transfer?

    <p>BTU/hp-hr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by control volume in thermodynamics?

    <p>A fixed region in space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best definition of enthalpy?

    <p>The amount of useful energy in a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cycle is considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle?

    <p>Carnot cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area under the curve of a temperature-entropy diagram representative of?

    <p>Heat transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific gravity of a substance a measure of?

    <p>The density ratio of a substance to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not belong to the group: Thermograph, Carburetor, Engler, Otto cycle?

    <p>Carburetor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase change called when a substance transitions directly from vapor to solid?

    <p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation do bodies at a temperature above absolute zero emit?

    <p>Thermal radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a laboratory method for determining the boiling range of petroleum?

    <p>Engler distillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between 600 K and 300 K?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is considered a petroleum fuel?

    <p>Ethyl Alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which thermodynamic cycle is used in a reciprocating engine?

    <p>Otto cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What observable phenomenon occurs when ice cubes are added to hot soup?

    <p>Condensation forming on the cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Heat Transfer and Thermodynamics

    • Heat is energy transferred due to a temperature difference.
    • Heat transfer can occur through conduction, convection, and radiation.
    • Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material.
    • Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.
    • Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
    • The rate of heat transfer is proportional to the temperature difference and the area of contact.
    • The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure of how well it conducts heat.
    • Heat engines convert thermal energy into mechanical energy.
    • The efficiency of a heat engine is the ratio of the work output to the heat input.
    • The Carnot cycle is the most efficient thermodynamic cycle.

    Properties of Matter

    • The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which it changes to a vapor.
    • The critical point is the temperature and pressure at which a liquid and its vapor are indistinguishable.
    • The latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to change a liquid to a vapor at its boiling point.
    • Surface tension is the force that causes the surface of a liquid to contract.

    Instruments and Devices

    • A thermometer is used to measure temperature.
    • A piezometer tube is used to measure pressure.
    • An atmometer is used to measure evaporation.
    • A kathamometer is used to determine the composition of gas mixtures by measuring thermal conductivity.
    • A choke valve regulates the air-fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine.
    • A radiator is used to transfer heat to or from a system.

    Thermodynamic Cycles and Processes

    • The Brayton cycle is used in gas turbines.
    • The Otto cycle is used in gasoline engines.
    • The Diesel cycle is used in diesel engines.
    • The Stirling and Ericsson cycles are external combustion cycles.
    • The Carnot cycle is the most efficient theoretical thermodynamic cycle.

    Other Concepts

    • The quality of a liquid-vapor mixture is the mass fraction of vapor.
    • Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy of a system.
    • Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system.
    • The standard atmospheric pressure is 1013 mmHg.
    • Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
    • The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of water.
    • The octane number is a measure of the ignition rating of gasoline.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of heat transfer mechanisms, including conduction, convection, and radiation. Explore the principles of thermodynamics, including heat engines and the Carnot cycle. This quiz will challenge your knowledge of how energy is transformed and the properties of matter related to thermal energy.

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