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Questions and Answers
What process converts energy in food into heat and work within the body?
What process converts energy in food into heat and work within the body?
Which term describes the space cooling load?
Which term describes the space cooling load?
What is the basic index used to describe radiant conditions in a space?
What is the basic index used to describe radiant conditions in a space?
Which of the following is an insulation action typically described as a uniform layer over the whole body?
Which of the following is an insulation action typically described as a uniform layer over the whole body?
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What conversion rate is represented by 1 clo?
What conversion rate is represented by 1 clo?
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What term defines the space heating load?
What term defines the space heating load?
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Which option is not a component of body metabolism?
Which option is not a component of body metabolism?
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What is often used to determine thermal comfort in an environment?
What is often used to determine thermal comfort in an environment?
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What is the insulating value of clothing measured in?
What is the insulating value of clothing measured in?
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What is true in order to avoid cavitation in a centrifugal pump?
What is true in order to avoid cavitation in a centrifugal pump?
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Which statement correctly describes what always accompanies an isentropic expansion of steam?
Which statement correctly describes what always accompanies an isentropic expansion of steam?
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What is the value of 1 clo in Btu?
What is the value of 1 clo in Btu?
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Which factor mainly describes substances that can vary significantly in moisture content?
Which factor mainly describes substances that can vary significantly in moisture content?
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What commonly used unit measures the rate at which heat must be added to maintain a constant temperature?
What commonly used unit measures the rate at which heat must be added to maintain a constant temperature?
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Which of the following best defines the purpose of clothing in a thermal context?
Which of the following best defines the purpose of clothing in a thermal context?
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What happens to the entropy of a system during isentropic processes?
What happens to the entropy of a system during isentropic processes?
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What is the purpose of preventing the build-up of water in the strainer body?
What is the purpose of preventing the build-up of water in the strainer body?
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What is a consequence of using a heat exchanger rating to calculate steam consumption?
What is a consequence of using a heat exchanger rating to calculate steam consumption?
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What is a disadvantage of heating a tank by direct steam injection?
What is a disadvantage of heating a tank by direct steam injection?
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What happens to steam losses when steam is supplied at a higher pressure than designed?
What happens to steam losses when steam is supplied at a higher pressure than designed?
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What is the expected effect on heat load when a heat exchanger is supplied with steam at a lower than designed pressure?
What is the expected effect on heat load when a heat exchanger is supplied with steam at a lower than designed pressure?
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Which type of loss is approximately double when considering losses from the top compared to the bottom?
Which type of loss is approximately double when considering losses from the top compared to the bottom?
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What can be a direct effect of direct steam injection in a tank?
What can be a direct effect of direct steam injection in a tank?
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What is the most likely type of replacement chiller for a 2000 TR chiller in a hospital?
What is the most likely type of replacement chiller for a 2000 TR chiller in a hospital?
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What is the advantage of a steam-driven duplex double-acting pump compared to a power-driven triplex single-acting pump of the same size and speed?
What is the advantage of a steam-driven duplex double-acting pump compared to a power-driven triplex single-acting pump of the same size and speed?
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What is the term for the difference between static water level and operating water level in deep well installations?
What is the term for the difference between static water level and operating water level in deep well installations?
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Which device is used to cool condenser water in power and refrigeration plants?
Which device is used to cool condenser water in power and refrigeration plants?
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What characteristic defines an impulse turbine related to the angle of steam striking the blades?
What characteristic defines an impulse turbine related to the angle of steam striking the blades?
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In a drying process, what type of dryer allows combustion gases to heat the drying chamber without contacting the material?
In a drying process, what type of dryer allows combustion gases to heat the drying chamber without contacting the material?
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What is a potential performance issue with the expansion valve in a pump system?
What is a potential performance issue with the expansion valve in a pump system?
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Which of the following is a correct description of a cooling tower?
Which of the following is a correct description of a cooling tower?
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What happens if the king valve is not open wide enough in a pumping system?
What happens if the king valve is not open wide enough in a pumping system?
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What type of materials are known for absorbing moisture from the environment?
What type of materials are known for absorbing moisture from the environment?
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What indicates the amount of heat being extracted from a conditioned space by an air system?
What indicates the amount of heat being extracted from a conditioned space by an air system?
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Which of the following is a benefit of using a pressurized deaerator?
Which of the following is a benefit of using a pressurized deaerator?
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In proximate analysis of coal, what component is included alongside moisture content, fixed carbon, and ash?
In proximate analysis of coal, what component is included alongside moisture content, fixed carbon, and ash?
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What is the term for the rate of heat transfer at a coil in heating and cooling systems?
What is the term for the rate of heat transfer at a coil in heating and cooling systems?
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What does the space heating load measure?
What does the space heating load measure?
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Which material type is characterized as having no moisture content?
Which material type is characterized as having no moisture content?
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What is the relationship between the sensible heat rate component and the cooling load in a stable temperature?
What is the relationship between the sensible heat rate component and the cooling load in a stable temperature?
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Study Notes
Heat Exchangers
- Heat exchangers are often rated based on their working pressure.
- If a heat exchanger is designed for 7 bar g and supplied with 3 bar g steam, the true connected heat load may be different from the rated figure.
Steam Consumption
- Losses from the top of a heat exchanger are approximately double those from the bottom.
Heating Tanks
- Directly injecting steam into a tank dilutes its content.
Chillers
- Hospital chillers typically have a space cooling load.
Metabolism
- Metabolism is the process the body uses to convert energy from food into heat and work.
Clothing Insulation
- Clothing insulation is measured in clo units.
- 1 clo is equal to 0.880 F ft 2 Hr / Btu
Mean Radiant Temperature
- Mean radiant temperature is the basic index used to describe the radiant conditions in a space. It represents the average temperature of the surfaces surrounding a person.
Centrifugal Pumps
- To prevent cavitation in a centrifugal pump, the installation NPSH must be greater than or equal to the pump NPSH.
Isentropic Expansion
- An isentropic expansion of steam always results in a decrease in enthalpy.
Hygroscopic Materials
- Hygroscopic materials are particularly variable in moisture content, meaning they can hold different amounts of moisture at different times.
Deaerators
- Pressurized deaerators remove more oxygen than atmospheric deaerators.
Coal Analysis
- Proximate analysis of coal includes the following components:
- Moisture content
- Fixed carbon
- Ash
- Volatile matter
Pumps
- A steam-driven duplex double-acting pump will pump more water per minute than a power-driven triplex single-acting pump of the same size operating at the same speed.
Cooling Towers
- Cooling towers are commonly used to cool condenser water in power and refrigeration plants.
- They reject heat to the atmosphere by reducing water temperature.
Dryers
- A dryer that utilizes gases of combustion to heat a drying chamber without direct contact with the material being dried is called a "through-circulation" dryer.
Space Heating Load
- Space heating load is the rate at which heat must be added to a conditioned space to maintain a constant temperature and relative humidity.
Space Heat Extraction Rate
- Space heat extraction rate is the rate at which heat is removed from a conditioned space by an air system.
Expansion Valve
- If an expansion valve is open too wide, it may cause a refrigerant leak.
Well Installation
- The difference between static water level (SWL) and operating water level in a deep well is called drawdown.
Impulse Turbines
- Impulse turbines use steam striking blades at a zero-angle approach.
Fuel Oil Combustion
- Fuel oil combustion produces gases, including those that cannot be found in the atmosphere.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in heat exchangers, steam consumption, heating tanks, chillers, metabolism, clothing insulation, mean radiant temperature, and centrifugal pumps. Understanding these topics is essential for anyone studying thermodynamics and energy transfer. Test your knowledge and solidify your grasp of these critical engineering principles.
