Heat Transfer and Solar Heating
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Questions and Answers

What is meant by thermal equilibrium?

  • The state where there is no heat transfer between the systems. (correct)
  • The state where there is continuous heat transfer between the systems.
  • The state where the temperature of both systems is decreasing.
  • The state where the temperature of both systems is increasing.

    • What is the specific heat capacity of water?

  • 4180 J/kg ºC (correct)
  • 2250 J/kg ºC
  • 390 J/kg ºC
  • 1000 J/kg ºC

    • What is the term for the energy required to change the state of a substance from liquid to gas?

  • Thermal Radiation
  • Latent Heat of Fusion
  • Latent Heat of Vaporisation (correct)
  • Specific Heat Capacity

    • What is the purpose of the equation: (𝑇#$ x (𝑚% 𝑐% + 𝑚!" 𝑐!" )) − 𝑚% 𝑐% 𝑇% = 𝑇!" / 𝑚!" 𝑐!" ?

    <p>To calculate the temperature reached by the copper in the flame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy used to produce steam when the copper is transferred to the water?

    <p>The latent heat of vaporisation of steam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the missing piece of data needed to calculate the energy used to produce steam?

    <p>The mass of water turned to steam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of heat transfer illustrated in the diagram?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material has the greatest increase in temperature when 3.6 x 10^6 J of heat is transferred?

    <p>Grass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the thermal energy of R-134a when it is pressurised inside the compressor?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of latent heat in a phase change?

    <p>To overcome the intermolecular forces between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of heat transfer by conduction?

    <p>The transfer of energy through direct contact between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the temperature of a substance constant during a phase change?

    <p>Because the heat energy is being used to overcome intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the transition from gas to liquid?

    <p>Condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the motion of R-134a molecules when heat is transferred to the outside air?

    <p>They move slower and closer together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of heat transfer responsible for the emission of thermal radiation from the skin of a giraffe?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the carotid rete in a giraffe's cooling system?

    <p>To cool the blood flowing to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the latent heat of vaporisation?

    <p>The energy required to change the state of a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the evaporator in the refrigerator?

    <p>To vaporise the liquid R-134a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of expansion joints in bridges?

    <p>To allow for thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of evaporation on the temperature of a substance?

    <p>It decreases the temperature of the substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of specific heat capacity?

    <p>J/kg°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the blood vessels beneath the skin of a giraffe?

    <p>To cool the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Heat Transfer

    • Heat transfer can occur through conduction, radiation, and convection.
    • Conduction is the transfer of heat between objects in physical contact.
    • Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
    • Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.

    Solar Heating and Air Movement

    • Solar heating causes air to expand and rise, creating an area of low pressure near the surface.
    • This leads to the movement of air from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.

    Specific Heat Capacity

    • The specific heat capacity of a material is the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of the material by 1°C.
    • The specific heat capacity of concrete is 880 J/kg°C.
    • The specific heat capacity of grass is 800 J/kg°C.

    Refrigeration

    • The refrigeration process involves the compression of a gas, which increases its temperature.
    • The pressurized gas is then forced into coils, where it transfers heat to the outside air through conduction.
    • The phase of the gas changes from gas to liquid as heat is transferred to the outside air.
    • The term used to describe the transition from gas to liquid is condensation.

    Latent Heat of Vaporisation

    • The latent heat of vaporisation is the energy required to change the phase of a substance from liquid to gas.
    • The latent heat of vaporisation of R-134a is 2.17 x 10^5 J/kg.

    Coefficient of Volume Expansion

    • The coefficient of volume expansion of a material is the change in volume per unit change in temperature.
    • The coefficient of volume expansion of R-134a is 3.24 x 10^-3 °C^-1.

    Giraffe Adaptations

    • Giraffes have adaptations to help them survive in the desert, such as networks of blood vessels that bring warm blood to the skin.
    • Heat is transferred from the blood to the skin through thermal radiation.
    • Evaporation of water on the skin cools the blood beneath the skin.

    Bridges and Expansion Joints

    • Expansion joints on bridges allow for the expansion and contraction of the bridge material with changes in temperature.
    • The coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 12 x 10^-6 °C^-1.

    Temperature Measurement

    • Thermal equilibrium is the state in which the temperatures of two or more systems are equal.
    • The specific heat capacity of water is 4180 J/kg°C.
    • The specific heat capacity of copper is 390 J/kg°C.

    Latent Heat of Vaporisation and Steam

    • The latent heat of vaporisation of steam is 2.25 x 10^6 J/kg.
    • The energy used to produce steam can be calculated by measuring the mass of steam produced and the temperature of the steam.

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    Related Documents

    Year 11 Physics Heat Practice Test PDF

    Description

    Quiz on heat transfer processes and solar heating, testing understanding of diagrams and specific heat capacities of materials.

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