15 Questions
What is the most common cause of chronic mitral regurgitation?
Mitral valve prolapse
In younger people with mitral valve prolapse, what is the usual cause?
Excess valve leaflet material
What can worsen regurgitation in individuals with mitral valve prolapse?
Lengthening and rupture of chordae tendinae
What may produce murmurs in individuals with septal defects?
Flow of blood through septal defects
What is the likely result when a septal defect is not accompanied by other abnormalities?
Blood flow from right to left side
What is the consequence of blood accumulation in the left atrium?
Pulmonary hypertension
What happens to compensate for increased pulmonary pressure?
Right ventricular hypertrophy
What can lead to pulmonary hypertension and edema?
Right ventricular hypertrophy
What produces the 'lub' sound of the heart?
Closing of the AV valves
When is the 'dub' sound of the heart heard?
During diastole
What is the most common cause of murmurs in the heart?
Defective heart valves
What can cause defective heart valves?
All of the above
In which phase do the semilunar valves close to produce the 'dub' sound?
Isovolumetric relaxation
What happens in mitral stenosis?
The mitral valve becomes thickened and calcified.
What causes damage to the heart valves in rheumatic endocarditis?
Antibodies made in response to an infection by streptococcus bacteria
Learn about the sounds produced by the closing of the AV and semilunar valves in the heart, often verbalized as 'lub-dub', and understand the physiological processes behind these sounds.
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