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Questions and Answers
How does fever affect the pulse rate?
Which medication decreases the pulse rate?
What is the effect of exercise on pulse rate?
How does stress impact the heart rate?
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What happens to blood pressure when a patient assumes a sitting or standing position?
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What is the correct method for calculating heart rate using the radial artery pulse?
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When should you take an apical pulse instead of counting the radial artery pulse?
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What is the purpose of recording the heart rate on paper or a flow sheet?
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Which artery is typically used to assess the heart rate?
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Why should you count the pulse for a full minute if it is abnormal in any way?
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What does the term 'pulse' indicate?
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Which of the following defines apical pulse rate?
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What vital sign is typically measured by counting the number of heart beats per minute?
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Which vital sign is associated with the term 'apical pulse'?
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Which vital sign is primarily an indicator of the heart's rhythm?
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Study Notes
Pulse Rate in Infants and Children
- Newborn to 1 month: 130 BPM
- 1-12 months: 80-120 BPM
- 1-2 years: 80-120 BPM
- 2-8 years: 80-100 BPM
- 8-12 years: 70-90 BPM
- 12 years and above: 60-80 BPM
Factors Affecting Pulse Rate
Sex
- After puberty, average male pulse rate is slightly lower than female
Exercise
- Pulse rate increases with exercise
Fever
- Pulse rate increases in response to lowered blood pressure due to peripheral vasodilation and increased metabolic rate
Medications
- Digitalis preparation: decreases pulse rate
- Epinephrine: increases pulse rate
Environmental Factors
Heat
- Pulse rate increases as a compensatory mechanism
Stress
- Increases sympathetic nerve stimulation, increasing heart rate and force of heart beat
Position Changes
- When assuming a sitting or standing position, blood pools in dependent vessels of the venous system, affecting pulse rate
Measuring Pulse Rate
- Count pulse beats for 30 seconds and multiply by two to get rate per minute
- Count pulse for full minute if it's abnormal in any way
- Take an apical pulse to measure heart beats per minute
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Description
Test your knowledge on the factors influencing heart rate, from the normal range for newborns to the effects of exercise, fever, medications, heat, and stress on pulse rate. Explore how gender, exercise, fever, medications, heat, and stress can impact heart rate.
