Heart Failure Overview Quiz

A condition where the heart can't pump blood effectively to meet the body's needs due to a structural or functional problem.

A condition where the heart muscle is weak and can't pump blood effectively, leading to a reduced ejection fraction (EF < 40%).

A condition where the heart muscle is stiff and can't relax properly, leading to inadequate blood filling, but with a preserved ejection fraction (EF > 50%).

The most common type of heart failure, where the left ventricle can't efficiently pump blood to the body, resulting in fluid buildup in the lungs.

Heart failure affecting the right ventricle, leading to fluid retention in the lower extremities, abdomen, and organs.

A condition where both sides of the heart are affected, resulting in fluid accumulation throughout the body.

A condition where the heart is forced to work excessively due to various factors like hypertension, aortic regurgitation, or anemia, leading to eventual failure.

Heart failure caused by a rapid onset or worsening of symptoms, requiring urgent treatment.

A condition where blood flows backward into the right atrium due to a leaky or narrowed tricuspid valve, leading to increased pressure and potential right heart failure.

A common cause of left-sided heart failure, characterized by reduced pumping capacity of the left ventricle.

A weakening of the heart muscle caused by sustained high blood pressure, leading to difficulty pumping blood.

Heart failure primarily caused by impaired filling of the heart chambers, resulting in reduced blood volume and efficiency.

Heart failure characterized by decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, often due to conditions like anemia or hyperthyroidism.

Signs and symptoms related to decreased pumping capacity of the heart, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness.

Symptoms related to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively to the lungs, resulting in fluid buildup and congestion.

A pulse that alternates between strong and weak beats, indicating severe left ventricular dysfunction.

A condition where the heart muscle is weakened and enlarged, reducing its pumping efficiency. This occurs when the left ventricle, the main pumping chamber, stretches and weakens, making it difficult to pump blood effectively.

A condition where the heart muscle thickens abnormally, leading to stiffness and making it harder for the left ventricle to pump blood. This can be congenital or develop over time, and can result in difficulty filling with blood.

Narrowing of the aortic valve restricts blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta, making the heart work harder to pump blood.

The aortic valve doesn't close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the left ventricle. This leakage puts extra strain on the heart, as it has to pump blood twice.

Narrowing of the mitral valve restricts blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, increasing pressure in the left atrium.

The mitral valve doesn't close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the left atrium, increasing pressure in the left atrium during contraction. This puts extra strain on the heart.

Abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation, can disrupt the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, reducing the time the left ventricle has to fill.

High blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs puts extra strain on the right ventricle, as it has to work harder to pump blood into the lungs. Over time, this can lead to right-sided heart failure.

A condition where the heart cannot effectively pump blood throughout the body, leading to various symptoms and complications.

Shortness of breath that worsens when lying down.

A sign of low cardiac output, characterized by an abnormally fast heart rate.

A symptom of right-sided heart failure, causing pain in the upper right abdomen due to engorgement of the liver.

A physical sign in heart failure, characterized by enlarged and tender liver.

A physical sign of heart failure, characterized by an enlarged spleen.

A test that evaluates the heart's structure and function, including ejection fraction, wall motion, and valve function.

A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart, detecting abnormalities like arrhythmias, ischemia, or hypertrophy.

A procedure used to diagnose and treat specific cardiovascular conditions. It involves inserting a catheter into a vessel and guiding it to the heart for detailed examination and treatment.

A group of medications that inhibit the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) to reduce blood pressure and heart workload, delaying heart failure progression.

A treatment option for heart failure that involves pacing the heart to synchronize its contractions, improving blood flow and reducing symptoms.

A device implanted in the chest to detect and treat irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias), preventing potentially life-threatening conditions.

It is a medication that works by reducing the resting heart rate without affecting other vital functions.

A newer medication combining sacubtril (a neprilysin inhibitor) and valsartan (an angiotensin II receptor blocker) to improve heart function and reduce hospitalizations.

A surgical procedure that involves replacing a diseased heart with a healthy one from a donor.

A vital lifestyle modification for heart failure management. It includes reducing salt and fluid intake, monitoring daily weight, and gradually increasing physical activity.