Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
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Questions and Answers

Which demographic group is more prone to diastolic heart failure?

  • Middle-aged men
  • Young males
  • Adolescent females
  • Elderly women (correct)
  • What is the main mechanism of diastolic heart failure? (2 answers)

  • SNS activation
  • Decreased distensibility of the ventricle (correct)
  • Chronic volume overload
  • Impaired relaxation due to increased Ca++ uptake
  • Which of the following symptoms is associated with left heart failure?

  • Orthopnea (correct)
  • Hepatomegaly
  • JVD
  • Peripheral edema
  • What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation in systolic heart failure?

    <p>Increased contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compensatory mechanism shifts venous blood centrally in LV dysfunction?

    <p>SNS activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of humoral-mediated response in LV dysfunction?

    <p>Vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is controlling heart rate important in diastolic heart failure?

    <p>To prevent decreased ventricular filling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of the New York Heart Association classification system would a patient belong to if they have symptoms with ordinary exertion?

    <p>Class II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathophysiologic change leading to the development and progression of heart failure?

    <p>Myocardial remodeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle modification is NOT recommended for preventing the progression of heart failure?

    <p>Daily alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used when patients remain symptomatic despite ACE Inhibitors, beta-blockers, and diuretics?

    <p>Digitalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs promotes vasodilation, reduces salt and water reabsorption, and decreases ventricular remodeling in heart failure?

    <p>ACE Inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class is responsible for blocking the AT1 receptor and breaking down ANP and BNP in heart failure management?

    <p>Sacubitril/Valsartan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT a predictor of poor prognosis in heart failure?

    <p>Normal exercise tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main pathophysiological feature of dilated cardiomyopathy?

    <p>Systolic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiomyopathy presents with myocardial infiltration leading to increased ventricular stiffness and decreased diastolic function?

    <p><strong>Restrictive cardiomyopathy</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'TandemHeart' and 'Impella' are examples of what type of devices in heart failure management?

    <p><strong>Mechanical assist devices</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Peripartum cardiomyopathy' typically occurs during which period of time?

    <p><strong>From 3rd trimester to ~ 5 months postpartum</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following lifestyle modifications is NOT recommended in preventing or delaying the progression of heart failure?

    <p>Maintaining a high-sodium diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by biventricular dilation and diastolic dysfunction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly presents with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by decreased ventricular compliance and diastolic dysfunction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is stress-related and predominantly affects males.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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