Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation?
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation?
What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves?
What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves?
How many cusps (leaflets) does the mitral valve possess?
How many cusps (leaflets) does the mitral valve possess?
Which valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?
Which valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?
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What is the name of the cusp of the Aortic semilunar valve that is ‘non-adjacent’?
What is the name of the cusp of the Aortic semilunar valve that is ‘non-adjacent’?
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Which characteristic describes an apex beat associated with aortic stenosis?
Which characteristic describes an apex beat associated with aortic stenosis?
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A systolic thrill on palpation of the chest is most likely associated with which valvular defect?
A systolic thrill on palpation of the chest is most likely associated with which valvular defect?
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If the apex beat is not readily palpable, which of the following should be considered first?
If the apex beat is not readily palpable, which of the following should be considered first?
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A palpable shock at the 2nd left intercostal space is commonly associated with which condition?
A palpable shock at the 2nd left intercostal space is commonly associated with which condition?
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Which of the following is a physiological cause of palpitations?
Which of the following is a physiological cause of palpitations?
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Which heart valve regulates the flow of blood between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
Which heart valve regulates the flow of blood between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
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Which of the following represents the correct pathway of blood flow from the right ventricle?
Which of the following represents the correct pathway of blood flow from the right ventricle?
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What type of blood does the right atrium receive?
What type of blood does the right atrium receive?
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Where does the blood from the right ventricle go next?
Where does the blood from the right ventricle go next?
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Which of these is NOT a heart valve?
Which of these is NOT a heart valve?
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What is the primary cause of the first heart sound (S1)?
What is the primary cause of the first heart sound (S1)?
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In which condition is the first heart sound (S1) likely to be decreased?
In which condition is the first heart sound (S1) likely to be decreased?
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Where is the third heart sound (S3) best heard?
Where is the third heart sound (S3) best heard?
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What is the character of a murmur associated with regurgitation?
What is the character of a murmur associated with regurgitation?
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How does a right sided murmur change in relation to breathing?
How does a right sided murmur change in relation to breathing?
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Which of the following is the most common type of acyanotic congenital heart disease?
Which of the following is the most common type of acyanotic congenital heart disease?
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A mother with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is at increased risk of having a child with which of the following congenital heart defects?
A mother with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is at increased risk of having a child with which of the following congenital heart defects?
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Which of the following congenital heart defects is most commonly associated with Down syndrome?
Which of the following congenital heart defects is most commonly associated with Down syndrome?
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A pregnant woman with a history of alcohol abuse is at a higher risk of having a child with which of the following congenital heart disease?
A pregnant woman with a history of alcohol abuse is at a higher risk of having a child with which of the following congenital heart disease?
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A congenital heart defect characterized by a left-to-right shunt is typically classified as:
A congenital heart defect characterized by a left-to-right shunt is typically classified as:
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Where is the typical location for auscultating the aortic valve?
Where is the typical location for auscultating the aortic valve?
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Which heart valve is typically auscultated at the fifth intercostal space along the midclavicular line?
Which heart valve is typically auscultated at the fifth intercostal space along the midclavicular line?
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During physical examination, a clinician notes that a patient's apex is shifted outwards and diffuse, this likely indicates which of the following?
During physical examination, a clinician notes that a patient's apex is shifted outwards and diffuse, this likely indicates which of the following?
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If a patient’s apex is located at the 4th intercostal space, this is most common in which population?
If a patient’s apex is located at the 4th intercostal space, this is most common in which population?
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Which of the following best characterizes the typical palpation of the apex in a patient with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)?
Which of the following best characterizes the typical palpation of the apex in a patient with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)?
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What happens during atrial systole?
What happens during atrial systole?
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Which wave corresponds to the ventricles contracting?
Which wave corresponds to the ventricles contracting?
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What occurs during the first phase of ventricular systole?
What occurs during the first phase of ventricular systole?
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During which phase do the semilunar valves close?
During which phase do the semilunar valves close?
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Which phase corresponds to the T-Wave on the ECG?
Which phase corresponds to the T-Wave on the ECG?
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Which diagnostic tool is considered the primary method for investigating congenital heart disease?
Which diagnostic tool is considered the primary method for investigating congenital heart disease?
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In addition to echocardiography with Doppler, what other investigations should be performed if congenital heart disease is suspected?
In addition to echocardiography with Doppler, what other investigations should be performed if congenital heart disease is suspected?
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Which vessel is NOT involved in fetal circulation according to the diagram?
Which vessel is NOT involved in fetal circulation according to the diagram?
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What does the legend in the fetal circulation diagram indicate?
What does the legend in the fetal circulation diagram indicate?
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Which chamber is NOT labeled in the echocardiogram image described?
Which chamber is NOT labeled in the echocardiogram image described?
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What is a key anatomical feature of Fallot Tetralogy?
What is a key anatomical feature of Fallot Tetralogy?
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In a patient with severe pulmonary stenosis at birth, what is the likely clinical presentation?
In a patient with severe pulmonary stenosis at birth, what is the likely clinical presentation?
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What occurs in the hemodynamics of Fallot Tetralogy regarding blood flow?
What occurs in the hemodynamics of Fallot Tetralogy regarding blood flow?
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Which option describes the effect of a large ventricular septal defect (VSD) in Fallot Tetralogy?
Which option describes the effect of a large ventricular septal defect (VSD) in Fallot Tetralogy?
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Which of the following describes a characteristic of mild pulmonary stenosis in Fallot Tetralogy?
Which of the following describes a characteristic of mild pulmonary stenosis in Fallot Tetralogy?
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What happens during patent ductus arteriosus after birth?
What happens during patent ductus arteriosus after birth?
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Which symptoms are commonly associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?
Which symptoms are commonly associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?
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What characterizes acyanotic congenital heart defects?
What characterizes acyanotic congenital heart defects?
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What is a common symptom of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
What is a common symptom of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
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In normal fetal circulation, what type of blood flows from the body to the heart?
In normal fetal circulation, what type of blood flows from the body to the heart?
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Study Notes
Heart Chambers and Valves
- The heart has four chambers
- Two upper chambers called the left atrium and right atrium
- Two lower chambers called the left and right ventricles
- There are four valves
- Tricuspid
- Pulmonary
- Mitral
- Aortic
Right Atrium
- Receives non-oxygenated blood from the body's largest veins (Superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC))
- Pumps blood through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle.
Right Ventricle
- Pumps the blood through the pulmonary valve to the lungs for oxygenation.
Left Atrium
- Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
- Pumps it through the mitral valve to the left ventricle.
Left Ventricle
- Pumps oxygen-rich blood to the aorta and the rest of the body (Cardiac output).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of the heart's chambers and valves. This quiz covers key concepts including the roles of the right and left atria and ventricles, as well as the function of the four main heart valves. Perfect for students studying human anatomy!
