COPY: Heart and Muscle Damage Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a method used to measure serum enzyme activity?

  • Rate of change in absorbance (correct)
  • Radiography
  • Electrophoresis
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

    • Acute myocardial infarction results from a blockage in the vessels caused by atherosclerotic plaque rupture.

    True

    What is the primary difference between acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina?

    AMI involves tissue damage, while unstable angina does not.

    The enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase is calculated using the formula: activity (µmol/min/ml) = 6.22 x ______.

    <p>change in absorbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following biomarkers with their methods of measurement:

    <p>Aspartate Aminotransferase = Rate of change in absorbance Proteins/Enzymes = ELISA Metabolites = Spectrophotometric measurements NADH = Beer-Lambert law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is indicative of an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand?

    <p>Acute Myocardial Infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All patients presenting with acute chest pain have experienced an acute myocardial infarction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirement must serum biomarkers meet to be considered effective in diagnosis?

    <p>They should be tissue-specific, rapidly released in response to damage, and easily measurable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which isoform of creatine kinase is primarily used for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) detection?

    <p>CK-MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Creatine kinase MB is only present in heart tissue.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What biomarker is produced in response to stress on the atrial and ventricle wall in heart failure?

    <p>B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomarker is specifically associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?

    <p>Troponin I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A normal NT-proBNP result has a strong __________ value for heart failure.

    <p>negative predictive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following serum biomarkers with their functions:

    <p>CK-MB = Heart damage detection BNP = Heart failure stress indication NT-proBNP = Negative predictive value for heart failure Creatine Kinase = General muscle damage assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Troponin T is the only troponin isoform used as a biomarker for AMI.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential limitation of using BNP as a biomarker?

    <p>Levels can be elevated in conditions other than heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Pro-BNP as a biomarker of heart damage?

    <p>It helps in the diagnosis and management of heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Serum creatine kinase levels are always high in normal individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Troponin I isoforms are found in ______ muscle tissue.

    <p>heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following troponin isoforms with their specific muscle type:

    <p>Troponin T = Heart muscle Troponin I = Fast twitch muscle Troponin C = Slow twitch muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool is recommended following a raised NT-proBNP or BNP level?

    <p>Echocardiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for diagnosing AMI in terms of troponin sampling?

    <p>At least two samples, one at admission and one 10-12 hours after symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Myocarditis can lead to the release of troponins into the bloodstream.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one limitation of the current troponin I assays.

    <p>Lack of primary reference troponin I for standardization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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