Questions and Answers
What is the function of the left anterior descending artery?
What does the aortic arch do?
What does the aortic semilunar valve do?
What is located at the apex of the heart?
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What is the function of the ascending aorta?
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What is the purpose of the atrioventricular node (AV node)?
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What does the base of the heart refer to?
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What is the function of the brachiocephalic artery?
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What do chordae tendineae do?
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What does the circumflex artery supply?
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What is the descending aorta?
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What is the function of the endocardium?
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What is the visceral pericardium?
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What is the fossa ovalis?
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What does the great cardiac vein do?
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What is the inferior vena cava?
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What is the interventricular septum?
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What are left atrioventricular (bicuspid) valves?
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What is the left atrium?
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What is the left auricle?
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What are left bundle branches?
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What is the left common carotid?
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What is the left coronary artery?
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What does the left pulmonary artery do?
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What are left pulmonary veins?
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What does the left subclavian artery supply?
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What is the left ventricle?
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What is the ligamentum arteriosum?
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What is the myocardium?
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What do papillary muscles do?
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What does the posterior descending artery do?
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What is the pulmonary semilunar valve?
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What is the pulmonary trunk?
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What are Purkinje fibers?
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What are right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valves?
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What is the right atrium?
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What is the right auricle?
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What are right bundle branches?
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What is the right common carotid?
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What does the right coronary artery do?
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What is the marginal artery?
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What is the right subclavian artery?
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What is the right ventricle?
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What is the sinoatrial node (SA node)?
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What is the superior vena cava?
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What do the R & L brachiocephalic veins do?
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What is the esophagus?
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What is the trachea?
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What is the coronary sinus?
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What does the middle cardiac vein do?
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Study Notes
Heart Structure and Function
- The left anterior descending artery (anterior interventricular) supplies blood to the anterior wall of the left ventricle.
- The aortic arch is the curved segment of the aorta from which the major arteries branch.
- The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole.
- The apex is the tip of the heart, located at the bottom of the left ventricle.
- The ascending aorta carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
- The atrioventricular node (AV node) is responsible for relaying electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.
- The base of the heart is the upper part where the great vessels emerge.
- The brachiocephalic artery is the first branch of the aortic arch, supplying blood to the right arm and head.
- Chordae tendineae are fibrous strings that connect the heart valves to the papillary muscles, ensuring valve closure.
- The circumflex artery supplies blood to the left atrium and the lateral and posterior walls of the left ventricle.
- The descending aorta is the continuation of the aorta as it travels downward through the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
- The endocardium is the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves.
- The visceral pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, covering the heart surface.
- The fossa ovalis is a remnant of the fetal foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning lungs in the fetus.
- The great cardiac vein drains blood from the heart muscle and returns it to the right atrium via the coronary sinus.
- The inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.
- The interventricular septum separates the left and right ventricles, preventing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
- The left atrioventricular (bicuspid) valve prevents backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
- The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
- The left auricle is a small pouch attached to the left atrium, increasing its volume.
- The left bundle branches conduct electrical impulses to the left ventricle.
- The left common carotid artery supplies blood to the left side of the head and neck.
- The left coronary artery branches into the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries.
- The left pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the left lung.
- The left pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium.
- The left subclavian artery supplies blood to the left arm.
- The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.
- The ligamentum arteriosum is the remnant of the ductus arteriosus, connecting the pulmonary trunk and aorta in the fetus.
- The myocardium is the thick middle muscle layer of the heart, responsible for contraction.
- Papillary muscles anchor the chordae tendineae and assist in valve function.
- The posterior descending artery (interventricular) supplies the inferior wall of the heart.
- The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle during diastole.
- The pulmonary trunk carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
- Purkinje fibers conduct impulses throughout the ventricles, coordinating contraction.
- The right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve prevents backflow into the right atrium.
- The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cavae.
- The right auricle increases the volume of the right atrium.
- The right bundle branches conduct electrical impulses to the right ventricle.
- The right common carotid artery supplies blood to the right side of the head and neck.
- The right coronary artery supplies blood to the right atrium and right ventricle.
- The marginal artery supplies blood to the colon, branching from the mesenteric arteries.
- The right subclavian artery supplies blood to the right arm.
- The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary trunk.
- The sinoatrial node (SA node) is the heart's natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses for heartbeats.
- The superior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium.
- The right and left brachiocephalic veins drain blood from the head and arms into the superior vena cava.
- The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the throat and stomach, located posterior to the heart.
- The trachea is the windpipe, conducting air to and from the lungs, situated anterior to the esophagus.
- The coronary sinus collects deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle and drains into the right atrium.
- The middle cardiac vein drains blood from the posterior part of the heart directly into the coronary sinus.
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Test your knowledge of heart anatomy with this labeling quiz. Identify key structures like arteries, nodes, and other parts of the heart. Perfect for students studying biology or medicine.