Questions and Answers
What is the function of the Anterior Interventricular Artery?
What is the Aortic Arch?
The aortic arch is the part of the aorta that bends between the ascending and descending aorta.
What is the purpose of the Aortic Semilunar Valve?
The Aortic Semilunar Valve prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle.
What does the Ascending Aorta do?
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What do the Bicuspid Valve and Tricuspid Valve have in common?
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What is the role of Cordae Tendineae?
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What is the function of the Great Cardiac Vein?
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What does the term Fossa Ovalis refer to?
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Where is the Inferior Vena Cava located?
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What do the Pulmonary Veins do?
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The ______ valve prevents backflow into the right atrium.
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Match the following heart structures to their function:
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Which of the following arteries carry oxygenated blood?
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What is the primary role of the Right Ventricle?
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Study Notes
Anterior Interventricular Artery
- Supplies blood to the left ventricle and interventricular septum.
- Often referred to as the left anterior descending artery (LAD).
Aortic Arch
- The curved portion of the aorta that gives rise to arterial branches.
- Includes major arteries like the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries.
Aortic Semilunar Valve
- Located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
- Prevents backflow of blood into the heart during diastole.
Ascending Aorta
- Originates from the left ventricle and rises upward.
- Distributes oxygenated blood to the body through major arteries.
Bicuspid Valve
- Also called the mitral valve, situated between the left atrium and left ventricle.
- Composed of two cusps, it ensures one-way blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle.
Brachiocephalic Trunk
- A major artery that branches from the aortic arch.
- Divides into the right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery.
Cordae Tendineae
- Tendinous chords connecting the papillary muscles to the heart valves.
- Help prevent valve inversion during ventricular contraction.
Circumflex Artery
- Branch of the left coronary artery.
- Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior aspect of the left ventricle.
Cusps of Tricuspid Valve
- Consists of three cusps between the right atrium and right ventricle.
- Prevents backflow of blood into the atrium during ventricular contraction.
Diagonal Branches of Interventricular Artery
- Branches of the anterior interventricular artery.
- Supply blood to the anterior wall of the left ventricle.
Fibrous Pericardium
- The tough outer layer of the pericardium enclosing the heart.
- Provides protection and limits excessive movement of the heart.
Fossa Ovalis
- A depression in the right atrium of the heart.
- Represents the remnant of the foramen ovale, which allowed fetal blood shunting.
Great Cardiac Vein
- Drains blood from the anterior part of the heart muscle.
- Runs alongside the anterior interventricular artery.
Heart
- A muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body.
- Composed of four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.
Cardiac Coverage
- Heart is covered by two layers: visceral pericardium (inner) and fibrous pericardium (outer).
- These layers facilitate frictionless movement during heartbeats.
Inferior Vena Cava
- Major vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.
- Drains blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs.
Internal Thoracic Arteries
- Paired arteries that arise from the subclavian arteries.
- Supply blood to the anterior chest wall and continued branches to the breast.
Interventricular Septum
- The wall separating the left and right ventricles.
- Provides structural support and prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Left Atrium
- Receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins.
- Functions as a pump to move blood into the left ventricle.
Left Auricle
- An appendage of the left atrium, increasing its capacity.
- Helps in the efficient filling of the left atrium with blood.
Left Common Carotid Artery
- Supplies blood to the left side of the head and neck.
- Branches directly from the aortic arch.
Left Coronary Artery
- Supplies blood to the left atrium and left ventricle.
- Branches into the anterior interventricular artery and circumflex artery.
Right Coronary Artery
- Supplies blood primarily to the right atrium and right ventricle.
- Can project into the posterior interventricular artery supplying the inferior wall.
Left Marginal Artery
- A branch of the circumflex artery.
- Supplies blood to the lateral wall of the left ventricle.
Left Pulmonary Veins
- Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
- Two veins from each lung, total of four pulmonary veins.
Left Subclavian Artery
- Supplies blood to the left arm and contributes to the head and neck.
- Arises from the aortic arch, positioned posterior to the left common carotid artery.
Left Thoracic Artery
- Supplies blood to regions of the thorax.
- An important vessel in thoracic surgery.
Left Ventricle
- Thicker muscular wall compared to the right ventricle.
- Pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation through the aorta.
Opening of Coronary Sinus
- Receives deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle.
- Drains into the right atrium.
Papillary Muscles
- Connected to the cusps of heart valves via the chordae tendineae.
- Contract to prevent valve prolapse during ventricular contraction.
Pectinate Muscles
- Muscular ridges located in the walls of the atria.
- Help increase the contractile efficiency of the atrial chambers.
Posterior Interventricular Artery
- Supplies blood to the inferior wall of the heart.
- Branches from the right coronary artery in most individuals.
Posterior Vein of Left Ventricle
- Drains deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle.
- Empties into the coronary sinus.
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
- Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.
- Prevents backflow of blood into the ventricle after contraction.
Pulmonary Trunk
- Transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
- Divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries.
Respiratory Diaphragm
- A muscular structure separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
- Plays a crucial role in respiration by contracting and relaxing.
Right Atrium
- Receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae.
- Pumps blood into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.
Right Auricle
- An appendage of the right atrium, increasing its capacity.
- Assists in the storage of blood.
Right Common Carotid Artery
- Supplies blood to the right side of the head and neck.
- Branches from the brachiocephalic trunk.
Right Marginal Artery
- Supplies blood to the right ventricle's inferior wall.
- A branch of the right coronary artery.
Right Subclavian Artery
- Supplies the right arm and portions of the neck and head.
- Branches from the brachiocephalic trunk.
Right Ventricle
- Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
- Thinner wall than the left ventricle.
Superior Vena Cava
- Brings deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium.
- Formed by the union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins.
Tricuspid Valve
- Between the right atrium and right ventricle, having three cusps.
- Prevents backflow of blood during ventricular contraction.
Middle Cardiac Vein
- Drains blood from the posterior regions of the heart.
- Accompanies the posterior interventricular artery.
Coronary Sinus
- A large vein that collects deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle.
- Drains directly into the right atrium.
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Description
Test your knowledge of heart anatomy with these flashcards. This quiz covers key terms such as the anterior interventricular artery, aortic arch, and aortic semilunar valve. Perfect for students studying cardiovascular anatomy.
