Heart Anatomy and Circulation Quiz

Questions and Answers

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the?

right atrium

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the?

left atrium

What does the coronary sulcus mark?

marks the border between the atria and ventricles

The right ventricle pumps blood to the?

right and left lungs Signup and view all the answers

The left ventricle pumps blood to the?

aorta Signup and view all the answers

The right atrium receives blood from the?

coronary sinus, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava (A, B, and C) Signup and view all the answers

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve.

tricuspid Signup and view all the answers

As blood leaves the right ventricle it passes through the ________ and then into the pulmonary trunk.

conus arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the?

right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

The bicuspid or mitral valve is located?

between the left atrium and left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Match the following vessels and structures associated with the heart:

5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6 Signup and view all the answers

In cardiac muscle, the fast depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of?

increased membrane permeability to sodium ions Signup and view all the answers

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to?

calcium channels remaining open Signup and view all the answers

In cardiac muscle, at least half of the calcium ion required for contraction comes from?

outside the cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structural components of the conducting system of the heart:

4, 3, 2, 5, 1 Signup and view all the answers

The first heart sound is heard when the?

AV valves close Signup and view all the answers

During the isovolumetric phase of ventricular systole, the?

atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves are closed Signup and view all the answers

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the?

stroke volume Signup and view all the answers

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the?

systolic ejection phase Signup and view all the answers

is to contraction as is to relaxation.

systole; diastole & ejection; filling (both A and D) Signup and view all the answers

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the?

pulmonary valve Signup and view all the answers

Stroke volume depends on?

end diastolic volume, the contractility of the ventricle, and the pressure required to pump blood into the aorta (A, B, and C) Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except one. Choose the exception.

decreasing ejection fraction Signup and view all the answers

During ventricular systole, the?

AV valves are closed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is greater during left ventricular systole?

the peak pressure in the ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Heart Anatomy and Blood Flow

Blood from the systemic circuit enters the right atrium.
Blood from the pulmonary circuit enters the left atrium.
The coronary sulcus marks the border between atria and ventricles.

Heart Function and Blood Pumping

The right ventricle pumps blood to the right and left lungs.
The left ventricle pumps blood to the aorta.
The right atrium receives blood from the coronary sinus, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava.
Blood from the venae cavae flows through the tricuspid valve next.
Blood leaves the right ventricle through the conus arteriosus into the pulmonary trunk.

Valves and Blood Flow Regulation

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle.
The bicuspid (mitral) valve is positioned between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Blood Circulation Pathway

Blood circulation order: venae cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta.

Cardiac Action Potentials

Fast depolarization in cardiac muscle results from increased sodium ion permeability.
The long plateau phase in action potentials occurs due to open calcium channels.
At least half of the calcium required for contraction enters cardiac muscle cells from outside.

Heart Conducting System

The structural components of the cardiac conductive system include the SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers, in that order.

Heart Sounds and Phases

The first heart sound occurs when AV valves close.
During isovolumetric ventricular systole, both AV valves and semilunar valves are closed.

Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output

Stroke volume is defined as the volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction.
The systolic ejection phase is when the mitral valve is closed, and the aortic valve is open.
Stroke volume is influenced by end diastolic volume, ventricle contractility, and pressure required to pump blood into the aorta.
Cardiac output can decrease if ejection fraction decreases.

Ventricle Function During Systole

During ventricular systole, the AV valves are closed while peak pressure occurs in the left ventricle.

Key Terms

Systole refers to contraction, while diastole refers to relaxation.
Ejection is associated with systole, and filling is associated with diastole.

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Description

Test your knowledge on heart anatomy and the blood circulation pathway. This quiz covers the structure of the heart, its functions in pumping blood, and the role of valves in regulating blood flow. Perfect for students studying cardiovascular physiology!