Healthcare Ethics

Questions and Answers

What does the concept of accountability refer to?

Making decisions based on outcomes

Answering for one's own actions (correct)

Following a set of rules and principles

Respecting patient confidentiality

What is the primary focus of the utilitarian approach to ethics?

Doing what is right simply because it is right

Caring for others

Achieving the greater good (correct)

Following rules and principles

What is casuistry?

A care-based approach to ethics

A focus on moral distress

A duty-based approach to ethics

Bending policies to justify a preferred outcome (correct)

What is the primary basis for moral behavior in feminist ethics?

Natural caring for others Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of ethics committees?

To teach and process ethical issues and dilemmas Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an ethical dilemma?

Lying to someone even if it's a white lie Signup and view all the answers

What is moral distress?

Being forced to take a specific action against one's own values Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of ethics of care?

Understanding relationships and personal narratives Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of patient education?

To help individuals achieve optimal levels of health Signup and view all the answers

What is the last step in processing an ethical problem?

Evaluate the plan Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'teach-back' method in patient education?

To evaluate the success of a teaching plan by gaining feedback from the receiver Signup and view all the answers

What are the three domains of learning?

Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ACCESS model in patient education?

To focus on cultural factors that influence patient education outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of coping with impaired functions in patient education?

Coping with impaired functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of feedback in patient education?

To evaluate the success of a teaching plan Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stages of health that patient education aims to promote?

Maintenance and promotion of health, restoration of health, coping with impaired functions Signup and view all the answers

According to the acceptance stage, what does a patient do?

Actively pursues information Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Magnet certified hospital?

A transformed culture with a practice environment that facilitates collaboration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of an RN in patient care?

To assess patient needs and identify mutual outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of case management?

To streamline costs and maintain quality of care Signup and view all the answers

What is shared governance in healthcare organizations?

A decentralized structure that allows decisions to be made at the staff level Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of patient-and-family-centered care?

To involve patients and families in care decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of a Magnet certified hospital's practice environment?

A practice environment that facilitates collaboration Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of the nursing team in patient care?

To achieve the best outcomes for patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of therapeutic communication techniques?

To convey acceptance and respect Signup and view all the answers

What does culture influence in communication?

Thinking, feeling, behaving, and communicating Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of nontherapeutic techniques?

They discourage further expression of feelings and ideas Signup and view all the answers

What should you consider when adapting your communication techniques?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of interprofessional collaboration among nurses and healthcare providers?

To deliver quality, safe patient care and create a positive work culture Signup and view all the answers

How can you evaluate the success of a patient's plan of care?

By determining a patient's perception of the plan Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of critical thinking and decision making in clinical judgment?

Observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a patient's expected outcomes are not met?

Determine factors influencing outcomes and modify the plan Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of interprofessional rounding?

To encourage patient and family involvement in planning care Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for making clinical decisions?

Nurses and healthcare providers Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a head-to-toe assessment?

Prioritizing care Signup and view all the answers

What does reflection involve in clinical judgment?

Instant replay Signup and view all the answers

What is autonomy in patient care?

Independent decisions about patient care Signup and view all the answers

What is authority in patient care?

Legal ability to perform a task, assign tasks, and follow up Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethics in Healthcare

Accountability refers to answering for one's own actions.
Confidentiality involves respecting patient privacy.
Values are deeply held beliefs that affect choices and behaviors, and can change over time due to cultural and social influences.

Approaches to Ethics

Deontology is based on a "duty" to do what's right simply because it's right, adhering to rules and principles such as fidelity to promises, truthfulness, and justice.
Utilitarianism focuses on outcomes, aiming for the greater good and best outcomes.
Casuistry involves bending policies to justify preferred outcomes using one's own facts.
Feminist ethics emphasize natural caring for others as the basis for moral behavior, focusing on emotions and relationships.
Ethics of care focus on understanding relationships, personal narratives, and context in which ethical problems arise, with patient advocacy as a top priority.

Ethical Problems

Ethical dilemma: lying to people, even if it's a white lie.
Moral distress: being forced to take a specific action that goes against one's beliefs.

Ethics Committee

An ethics committee is devoted to teaching and processing ethical issues and dilemmas, involving individuals from different disciplines and backgrounds.

Processing an Ethical Problem

7 steps: Ask, Gather, Identify problem, Name problem, Possible Action, Take action, Evaluate the plan.

Patient Education

Goal: help individuals, families, or communities achieve optimal levels of health.
Education plan starts from day one, focusing on maintenance and promotion of health, restoration of health, and coping with impaired functions.

Effective Communication

Involves feedback from sender and receiver.
Effective educator delivers instruction and evaluates success of teaching plan by gaining feedback from receiver.

Domains of Learning

Cognitive learning: understanding, with 6 levels of understanding (Bloom's taxonomy).
Affective learning: attitudes.
Psychomotor learning: motor skills.

Cultural Factors in Patient Education

ACCESS helps focus on cultural factors influencing patient education outcomes.

Patient-Centered Care

Four core concepts: respect for patients' values, coordination of care, information sharing, and emotional support.

Case Management

Coordinates and links health care services across all levels of care for patients and their families, streamlining costs and maintaining quality.

Decision Making

Shared governance: decentralized structure, allowing decisions to be made at staff level.
Responsibility: duties and activities employed to perform.
Autonomy: making independent decisions about patient care.
Authority: legal ability to perform tasks, assign tasks, and follow up.
Accountability: assuming responsibility for outcomes of actions, clinical judgments, and omissions.
Staff involvement: all staff members actively participate in activities.

Interprofessional Collaboration

Involves collaboration among nurses and health care providers, with a goal of delivering quality, safe patient care and creating a positive work culture.

Critical Thinking and Clinical Judgment

Clinical judgment is the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making.
Clinical decision making: technicians or other assistive personnel cannot make or take immediate action.

Therapeutic Communication

Techniques encourage the expression of feelings and ideas, conveying acceptance and respect.
Nontherapeutic techniques discourage further expression of feelings and ideas, leading to negative responses or behaviors.

Sociocultural Considerations

Culture influences thinking, feeling, behaving, and communicating.
Speech and language considerations should be adapted based on patient needs.

Patient Outcomes

Evaluate patient outcomes, identifying factors that influenced outcomes and modifying the plan of care accordingly.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts in healthcare ethics, including accountability, confidentiality, and values. It also touches on resolving ethical conflicts by distinguishing between values, facts, and opinions.