Health Systems Structure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What aspect of health service design influences the delivery of services related to workforce?

Availability of medical supplies

Range of medical conditions treated

Number and type of personnel and staff (correct)

Location of health facilities

Which component is NOT part of the health care delivery process?

Financing of health care (correct)

Utilization of services

Satisfaction with the services

Recognition of the problem

Which of the following relates to the outcomes of health care interventions?

Aspects of health that result from interventions (correct)

Participation in decision making

Governance and decision making

Type of healthcare facility

Which factor is involved in the behavior of professionals during health care delivery?

Diagnostic procedure Signup and view all the answers

Which act specifically addresses the management of hazardous waste?

The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1989 Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does NOT influence the design of health services?

Investments in technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Employees State Insurance (ESI) Act 1948?

To offer health insurance to workers and their families Signup and view all the answers

Which legislation aims at the abolition of bonded labor?

The Bonded Labor System (Abolition) Act 1976 Signup and view all the answers

Which act specifically addresses the transplantation of human organs?

The Transplantation of Human Organ Act 1994 Signup and view all the answers

What does the Epidemic Disease Act, 1897 primarily focus on?

Preventing the spread of dangerous epidemic diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of India's health care system?

Health care is mainly provided by community health care workers. Signup and view all the answers

What principle did the Alma-Ata conference emphasize for achieving health for all?

Equitable distribution of health resources. Signup and view all the answers

What outcome was the Alma-Ata Declaration aiming to achieve by the year 2000?

A level of health allowing socially and economically productive life. Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a factor for the reduced cost of health care in developing countries?

Skilled and effectively supervised health workers. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the goals set at the Alma-Ata conference?

Major social goal is health equity across all countries. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary roles of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)?

Conducting medical research on human diseases Signup and view all the answers

How does the Indian Council of Medical Research primarily finance its research activities?

From the budget of the Union Ministry of Health Signup and view all the answers

Which disease control initiatives involve significant expenditure from the Central Government?

All communicable diseases including malaria and AIDS Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the Central Health Education Bureau?

Preparation of educational materials for health awareness Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Central Directorate play in national health programmes?

Planning and coordinating health initiatives Signup and view all the answers

Which centers are maintained by the Indian Council of Medical Research?

Cancer Research Centre and Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre Signup and view all the answers

Which health issues are targeted by national health programmes as mentioned?

Communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, and AIDS Signup and view all the answers

What type of courses does the Central Health Education Bureau provide?

Training courses in health education for health workers Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences for disobeying regulations under the Act if it causes danger to human life?

Imprisonment for up to 6 months or fine up to 1000 Rs Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary aims of the MTP Act, 1971?

To legalize abortion services Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the Medical Council of India (MCI)?

It is responsible for setting standards for medical education Signup and view all the answers

How are pregnancies terminated according to the MTP Act if the gestation period is between 12 and 20 weeks?

Opinion of two registered medical practitioners is required Signup and view all the answers

What is an outcome for medical practitioners under the MTP Act, 1971?

Protection from penalties imposed by the Indian Penal Code Signup and view all the answers

What measures can states take under the epidemic control powers granted by the Act?

Authorize officers or agencies to take necessary action Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition can a woman below 18 years have a termination of pregnancy?

With consent from a guardian Signup and view all the answers

What is the fine for causing obstruction, annoyance, or injury through disobedience to the regulations of the Act?

200 Rs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Structure of Health System

Design aspects influencing service delivery include personnel types, organization, facility nature, range of services, management systems, financing, eligible population determination, and governance.
Effective health systems require skilled personnel, proper organization, and adequate resources to manage diverse services.

Process of Health Care Delivery

Comprised of professional behavior and patient participation.
Professionals recognize medical issues through diagnosis, undertake appropriate diagnostic procedures, recommend treatments, and ensure follow-up care.
Patient engagement includes utilizing services, understanding recommendations, satisfaction with care, and taking part in decision-making.

Outcomes of Health Care

Refers to health results stemming from interventions by health systems.

Flow of Patients in Health Care System

Patient flow differs by country; India has a three-tier system mainly utilizing community health workers.
Effective supervision of health workers can lead to cost-effective health care services in developing countries.

Alma-Ata International Conference

Launched the “Health for All by 2000” movement in 1977, emphasizing health equity.
Ensures fair distribution of health resources globally as a core principle.
The 1978 reaffirmation identified primary health care as crucial for serving underserved rural and urban populations.

Alma-Ata Declarations

Aimed for a healthy population that can lead productive lives by the year 2000.
Emphasized government and global community responsibility for achieving this health level.

Medical Research in India

Conducted by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), promotes scientific research on diseases and their management.
Research efforts involve institutes, field surveys, and numerous funded projects.

Central Government Health Schemes

National health programs focusing on communicable disease eradication require substantial government investment.
Central Directorate is key in planning and coordinating these health programs.

Central Health Education Bureau

Prepares educational materials for health awareness and offers training for health workers.

Occupational Health and Legislation

Includes several acts:
- Factories Act 1948
- Mines Act 1952
- Employees State Insurance Act 1948
- Workmen’s Compensation Act 1923
- Minimum Wages Act 1948
- Dangerous Machines (Regulation) Act 1983
- Bonded Labor System (Abolition) Act 1976
- Unorganized Sectors Workers’ Social Security Act
- Plantation Labor Act 1951

Environmental Health Legislation

Key laws include:
- Environment (Protection) Act 1986
- Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1998
- Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2000
- Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1989
- Motor Vehicle Act 1988
- National Environment Tribunal Act 1995

Legislation for Public Health Issues

Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994.
Food Safety and Standards Act 2006.
Protection of Human Rights Act 1993.
Disaster Management Act 2005.

National Health Bill 2009

Aims to protect health rights and improve national health comprehensively.

Epidemic Disease Act, 1897

Allows for measures to control and prevent epidemic spread.
Offenders may face penalties, including fines or imprisonment, depending on the severity of the disobedience.

Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 and Regulation 2002

Establishes standards for medical education and recognizes medical qualifications.
Registers practicing doctors to ensure public health safety.

MTP Act, 1971

Protects medical practitioners from penalization for abortion services, promoting safe abortion access.
Requires opinions from two registered medical practitioners for terminations between 12 and 20 weeks but allows for guardian consent in special cases.
Legalizes abortion to reduce unsafe procedures.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the various aspects influencing the design and delivery of health services. This quiz covers topics such as personnel organization, facilities, services offered, management systems, and financing in healthcare. Prepare yourself to explore how these components contribute to a functional health system.