Health Symptoms and Conditions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which symptom is characterized by sudden, uncontrolled movements?

Abdominal pain

Erythema

Unexplained epistaxis

Chorea (correct)

What does unexplained epistaxis refer to?

Skin rash due to allergic reaction

Nosebleeds without a clear reason (correct)

Abdominal discomfort without known cause

Severe headaches of unknown origin

Which of the following indicates inflammation of the skin that may be red and swollen?

Abdominal pain

Erythema (correct)

Chorea

Epistaxis

Which condition is commonly associated with discomfort in the stomach area?

Abdominal pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a skin condition that may present as a rash and is associated with infective processes?

Erythema marginatum Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size range of nodules?

0.5 – 1 cm Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with nodules?

Tenderness Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of nodules in relation to the skin?

They have no attachment to skin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the tenderness of nodules?

Not tender Signup and view all the answers

In what settings are bed activities like quiet play recommended?

Both home and hospital Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT appropriate for quiet play in bed?

Watching action movies Signup and view all the answers

What size classification does a nodule fall under?

Small Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of including bed activities in a patient's routine?

Enhanced mental engagement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of quiet play in bed activities?

To facilitate rest while being engaged Signup and view all the answers

Which valves are most commonly affected by rheumatic carditis?

Mitral and aortic valves Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms associated with rheumatic conditions?

Weakness, fatigue, and anorexia Signup and view all the answers

How is rheumatic arthritis characterized in terms of joint involvement?

Migratory and affecting more than one joint Signup and view all the answers

In addition to heart symptoms, which of the following might occur in a patient with rheumatic conditions?

Subcutaneous nodules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of rheumatic carditis?

Pallor and weight loss Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of allowing parents to carry on their normal routine at home?

It fosters family bonding. Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome is least likely when parents are allowed to maintain their normal routines?

Disruption in children's schedules. Signup and view all the answers

How does allowing parents to uphold their normal routine contribute to the household?

It leads to a better-organized home life. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of not allowing parents to maintain their normal routines?

Decreased emotional stability for children. Signup and view all the answers

In what way can maintaining a normal routine at home affect children's behavior?

It usually promotes confidence and self-management. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the North private college of Nursing?

Training in nursing fields Signup and view all the answers

Which type of institution is the North private college of Nursing?

Private college Signup and view all the answers

What can students expect to study at the North private college of Nursing?

Nursing and healthcare practices Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the purpose of the North private college of Nursing?

To prepare students for nursing careers Signup and view all the answers

What type of education does the North private college of Nursing provide?

Professional nursing education Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nursing Management of Children with Rheumatic Fever

Definition: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease affecting connective tissues, mainly affecting joints and the heart, and less frequently the central nervous system, skin, and subcutaneous tissues.

Causes

Group A β-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is the primary cause.

Assessment Criteria (Jones' Criteria)

Major Criteria:
- Carditis (inflammation of the heart)
- Polyarthritis (migratory joint inflammation)
- Chorea (involuntary muscle movements)
- Erythema marginatum (characteristic skin rash)
- Subcutaneous nodules (small, painless lumps under the skin)
Minor Criteria:
- Fever (38-39°C)
- Arthralgia (joint pain without inflammation)
- Unexplained epistaxis (nosebleeds)
- Abdominal pain
- Weakness, fatigue, anorexia, pallor, and/or weight loss

Rheumatic Carditis

The mitral and aortic heart valves are the most commonly affected valves.

Rheumatic Arthritis

Migratory, affecting more than one joint during the first 1-2 weeks of the febrile period.
Affected joints are swollen, red, hot, and painful.
Large joints such as knees, hips, shoulders, wrists, and elbows are primarily affected.

Rheumatic Chorea (Sydenham's Chorea)

Affects the central nervous system.
Characterized by involuntary, sudden, irregular muscle movements.
Anxiety can exacerbate these movements.
Rest often relieves movements.

Subcutaneous Nodules

Develop rarely in children with severe or repeated rheumatic fever.
Generally small (0.5-1 cm), firm, and not tender.
Often found over the extensor surfaces of joints (e.g., elbows, knees).

Erythema Marginatum

Consists of undifferentiated macules (spots).
Typically found on the trunk and inner aspects of extremities.
Lesions are non-pruritic (not itchy).
Diagnostic Procedures
Requires two major criteria or one major and two minor criteria, along with evidence of a preceding GABHS infection.
Laboratory tests:
- Elevated antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titer (normal 200-400; above 400 is abnormal).
- Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- X-rays or radiographs.

Nursing Care Objectives

Encourage compliance with drug regimens (e.g., antibiotics).
Facilitate recovery from the illness.
Provide emotional support.
Prevent further disease development

Drug Regimens

Encourage adherence to prescribed therapy.
Consider monthly injections instead of daily oral antibiotics if compliance is poor.

Facilitating Recovery

Educate the child and parents regarding the need for bed rest to minimize the inflammatory process impact, especially on the heart.
If metabolic and cardiac demands are low, tissue damage may be minimal.

Managing Fever

Encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
Avoid overhydration as it can overburden the heart.

Diet

Initially, provide liquid or soft foods in small, frequent portions to minimize chewing effort.
Gradually increase the diet to meet nutritional requirements.
Avoid overfeeding to reduce heart load.

Pain Management

Administer anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., aspirin) to alleviate pain from carditis or polyarthritis.
Alternate warm and cold compresses on affected joints to reduce swelling and pain.

Preventing Injury (Chorea)

Assist the child during walking.
Provide the child with soft foods (finger foods, spoons, avoid knives).
Raise bed rails to prevent falling.
Consider restraining the child if necessary, but with padding for safety.

Emotional Support

Explain the illness and treatment to both the child and parents.
Encourage ways to carry out regular bed activities (quiet play) while in the hospital or at home.
Allow the parents to continue normal routines wherever possible.
Encourage contact from other children (classmates, siblings, peers).

Disease Prevention

Remain alert to children who display symptoms of streptococcal sore throat.
Upon diagnosis of streptococcal infection, administer antibiotics (single dose benzathine penicillin injection or daily oral penicillin or erythromycin for 10 days).
Educate parents about the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics to eradicate the disease.
Support the parents and advocate for the implementation of massive screening programs and throat cultures for early detection and treatment to prevent future cases.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various health symptoms and conditions. This quiz covers topics such as skin disorders, nodules, epistaxis, and appropriate bed activities. Challenge yourself to understand the classifications and characteristics of these medical terms.