Questions and Answers
What is the estimated annual cost to the UK caused by lack of physical activity?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a major contributing factor to lower levels of physical activity in the UK?
What is the recommended approach to increasing physical activity levels?
What is the link between physical inactivity and obesity?
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What is the minimum duration of moderate physical activity that provides health benefits?
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Which of the following conditions are mentioned as potential consequences of long-term physical inactivity?
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What is the estimated annual cost to the NHS due to lack of physical activity?
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Which of the following is a benefit of even short bursts of moderate physical activity?
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What is a key characteristic of moderate-intensity physical activity?
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Which of the following is a major contributor to the rise in sedentary behaviour?
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What is the relationship between physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour?
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Which of the following is NOT a health risk associated with prolonged sedentary behaviour?
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How does the text define 'physical inactivity'?
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What is the primary reason cited in the text for the increase in sedentary behaviour?
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Which of the following statements about physical activity levels is true according to the text?
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Why is it difficult to completely replace sedentary time with active time?
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What physiological response may occur at higher levels of exercise?
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How does increasing physical activity affect hunger in the short term?
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What factor does NOT contribute to body mass increase as people age?
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What percentage does appetite generally increase after 2 weeks of a physical activity program?
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What is a common misconception about the effects of increased physical activity related to energy compensation?
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In individuals who become sedentary, what is the response in terms of appetite?
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What factor tends to lead to increased weight gain in older adults?
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What amount of physical activity is suggested to prevent weight gain?
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Study Notes
Factors Contributing to Low Physical Activity
- Domination by technology at home and at work, and increasing car use for travel, contribute to lower levels of physical activity in the UK.
- This lack of physical activity is estimated to cost the UK £7.4 billion a year, including £0.9 billion to the NHS alone.
- Long-term conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular, and respiratory disease are linked to low physical activity.
Moderate Physical Activity
- Just 10 minutes of moderate physical activity at a time provides physical and mental health benefits.
- Physical activity alone can result in fat loss, but some people are 'non-responders' to exercise interventions due to factors related to physiological stress response.
Energy Expenditure and Hunger
- Compensation to energy lost in physical activity is not immediate; individuals who increase their physical activity level by up to 1000kCal/day do not see any change in hunger for 2 weeks.
- After 2 weeks on a physical activity programme, hunger and appetite increase by around 30% (varies widely between individuals from 0 to 100%).
- There is no compensation for a reduction in energy expenditure; individuals do not naturally reduce their hunger and appetite if they become sedentary.
Preventing Weight Gain
- Body mass increases in both men and women with age due to gradual fall in resting metabolic rate, reduction in physical activity level, fall in leisure time, and increase in sedentary pursuits and hobbies.
- Moderate-intensity physical activities, such as brisk walking or cycling, can help prevent weight gain.
Sedentary Behaviour
- Sedentary behaviour is defined as any waking behaviour characterized by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 METs while in a sitting, reclining or lying posture.
- Sedentary behaviour and physical inactivity have increased in recent years due to changes in the physical, social, and economic environment.
- Healthy adults can spend up to 20 hours in a 24-hour period sitting or lying down, and increased sedentary behaviour is an independent risk factor for diseases.
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Description
This quiz explores the impact of technology and transportation on physical activity levels, based on the Health Survey for England.